Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture are provided. For example, a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (COH) compound may be heated to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the COH compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon compound that may be at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel or a hydrocarbon chemical. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel may be a liquid when at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. The COH compound may include biomass. In some cases, the hydrocarbon compound produced through the non-oxidation reaction includes a hydrocarbon aerosol form as the hydrocarbon compound at least as it is produced or cools. Some embodiments include aerosol capture methods, systems, and devices, which may include passing a hydrocarbon aerosol form through a material in a liquid phase in order to gather the aerosol material.

An apparatus and a process for providing a green diesel with improved flow properties. A renewable feed comprising an oil is deoxygenated to provide an effluent. The effluent may be isomerized to improve the qualities of the effluent for use as a diesel fuel. Additionally, the effluent may be filtered to increase the fuel flow properties. As filtration zone can be used, which includes a filter and which may be flushed with a portion of the feed stream to the filtration zone or a portion of filtration zone effluent. The wash stream may be heated.

Provided is a method of preparing a combustible oil, the method comprising adding and mixing: a petroleum-based combustible oil; a water having an oxidation-reduction potential of 300 mV or lower, a pH of 9.0 or higher, and a dissolved hydrogen concentration of 0.8 ppm or higher; a fatty oil; and an activated carbon to obtain a mixture.

The present application provides methods of igniting a fuel source with a lighter fluid composition including fusel oil; self-lighting charcoal briquettes infused with fusel oil, flammable compositions including fusel oil, methods of making flammable compositions including fusel oil, and lighter devices including fusel oil.

Methods and systems for separating liquid components are disclosed. A vessel is provided containing a solids conveyance device. At least a first portion of the vessel acts as an indirect-contact heat exchanger and a second portion of the vessel contains a filter. A process liquid stream, containing a first component and a second component, is passed into the first portion of the vessel. A portion of the second component is frozen and entrained in the first portion of the vessel into the process liquid stream, resulting in a process slurry stream. The process slurry stream is passed into a second portion of the vessel by the solids conveyance device. The process slurry stream is separated into a solid product stream and a primary liquid product stream by passing the primary liquid product stream through the filter and out of the vessel while separately removing the solid product stream out of the vessel.

The present invention relates to a system for the treatment of organic waste and/or waste, particularly waste from biogas plants, slurry and the like, cut or green waste and/or sewage sludge.

A process of making a fuel product from a non-combustible high protein organic material such as a waste material. The high protein organic material is pulverized to a particle size whose particle size less than 2 mm. The moisture content of the high protein organic material is mechanically reduced and dried to reduce the moisture content to less than ten percent (10%). The high protein organic waste material is fed into a combustion chamber and separated during combustion such as by spraying of the high protein organic waste material within the combustion chamber. Temperature and combustion reactions within the combustion chamber may be controlled by injection of steam within the combustion chamber.

The present invention concerns a method for the removal of inorganic components such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and heavy metals, from biomass of rural or forest or urban origin or even mixture of different origin biomasses, from low quality coals such as peat, lignite and sub-bituminous/bituminous coals, from urban/industrial origin residues/wastes, which are possible to include as much organic>5% weightas inorganic<95% weightcharge and from sewage treatment plant sludges. The desired goal is achieved with the physicochemical treatment of the raw material. The method can also include the thermal treatment, which can precede or follow the physicochemical one. The application of the thermal treatment depends on the nature and the particular characteristics of each raw material as well as on the feasibility analysis of the whole process in order to determine the optimization point in each case.

The coal-derived solid hydrocarbon particles are discrete particles of coal-derived carbonaceous matter having a particle size less than about 10 m that are substantially free of inherent or entrained mineral matter. The particles of have an average particle size in the range from 1 m to 8 m. The particles of coal-derived carbonaceous matter are milled to a size approximately the same as a size of coal-derived mineral matter inherent in the coal source to release inherent coal-derived mineral matter particles such that the particles of carbonaceous matter and the particles of mineral matter are discrete and separable solid particles. Following separation, less than 1.5 wt. % discrete coal-derived mineral matter particles are associated with the discrete particles of coal-derived carbonaceous matter. Particles of coal-derived solid hydrocarbon matter are blended with a gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon fuel to form a two-phase hydrocarbon fuel feedstock.

A method for producing an odor-free HTC coal, at least comprising the following steps: a) providing a biomass; b) performing a hydrothermal carbonization in order to produce a carbon sludge, the carbon sludge comprising HTC coal and HTC process water; c) separating HTC coal and HTC process water by a mechanical dewatering process; d) heating the HTC coal to a temperature of at least 150 degrees Celsius in order to remove highly volatile carbon compounds.