A polyester is useful as a high viscosity base fluid. A method for its preparation involves epoxidizing an alpha-olefin, reacting the alpha-epoxide or diol with a saturated linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, and isolating the polyester. Lubricant compositions can contain such polyesters and the compositions are useful as automatic transmission fluids, manual transmission fluids, continuously variable transmission fluids, gear oil formulations, industrial gear oil formulations, axle fluid formulations, dual clutch transmission fluids, dedicated hybrid transmission fluids, or as hydraulic oils.

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a hyperbranched polyester mixture obtainable by reacting a hydroxyl group containing carboxylic acid (B) with at least one carboxylic acid group and at least two hydroxyl groups with a diol (C) having a molecular weight of more than 100 g/mol, optionally in the presence of at least one further reactant, wherein the at least one further reactant is a polyol (A) having at least three hydroxyl groups under a reaction condition allowing ester and ether formation; and reacting the mixture resulting from step (a) with a hydrophobic carboxylic acid (D) resulting in the hyperbranched polyester mixture. The invention further relates to said hyperbranched polyester mixture and the use as wax inhibitor, as pour point depressant, as lubricant or in lubricating oils.

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a hyperbranched polyester mixture obtainable by reacting a hydroxyl group containing carboxylic acid (B) with at least one carboxylic acid group and at least two hydroxyl groups with a diol (C) having a molecular weight of more than 100 g/mol, optionally in the presence of at least one further reactant, wherein the at least one further reactant is a polyol (A) having at least three hydroxyl groups under a reaction condition allowing ester and ether formation; and reacting the mixture resulting from step (a) with a hydrophobic carboxylic acid (D) resulting in the hyperbranched polyester mixture. The invention further relates to said hyperbranched polyester mixture and the use as wax inhibitor, as pour point depressant, as lubricant or in lubricating oils.

Certain citric esters and amides, and certain mixtures thereof, e.g., mixtures comprising citrate oligomers, exhibit excellent anti-wear activity in lubricants. Many of these compounds or mixtures of compounds also exhibit a high degree of anti-wear synergy in combination with zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphates. The compounds of the invention are thus valuable tools that can allow one to reduce the amounts of zinc, and phosphates, that are used in the lubricant without sacrificing anti-wear performance.

A lubricant, including, by weight: 80-85 parts of a base oil; 1-2 parts of a methyl-silicone oil; 1-2 parts of polymethacrylate; 2-4 parts of pentaerythritol polyisobutylene succinate; 1-2 parts of di-n-butyl phosphite; 2-3 parts of butylhydroxytoluene; 2-4 parts of an ethylene-propylene copolymer; 1-2 parts of an alkenyl succinate; and 3-5 parts of copper nanoparticles. A method of preparing the lubricant includes: adding the base oil, the methyl-silicone oil, the polymethacrylate, the ethylene-propylene copolymer, the butylhydroxytoluene, the alkenyl succinate to a reactor, and stirring a resulting first mixture under normal temperature and pressure at 300-400 rpm for 3-4 hours, to yield a primary product; and adding the di-n-butyl phosphite, the pentaerythritol polyisobutylene succinate, and the copper nanoparticles to the primary product, and stirring a resulting second mixture at 150-250 rpm for 2-2.5 hours.

A lubricant, including, by weight: 80-85 parts of a base oil; 1-2 parts of a methyl-silicone oil; 1-2 parts of polymethacrylate; 2-4 parts of pentaerythritol polyisobutylene succinate; 1-2 parts of di-n-butyl phosphite; 2-3 parts of butylhydroxytoluene; 2-4 parts of an ethylene-propylene copolymer; 1-2 parts of an alkenyl succinate; and 3-5 parts of copper nanoparticles. A method of preparing the lubricant includes: adding the base oil, the methyl-silicone oil, the polymethacrylate, the ethylene-propylene copolymer, the butylhydroxytoluene, the alkenyl succinate to a reactor, and stirring a resulting first mixture under normal temperature and pressure at 300-400 rpm for 3-4 hours, to yield a primary product; and adding the di-n-butyl phosphite, the pentaerythritol polyisobutylene succinate, and the copper nanoparticles to the primary product, and stirring a resulting second mixture at 150-250 rpm for 2-2.5 hours.

A method of reacting castor oil and an alkoxylated glycerin via a transesterification reaction to produce an estolide of castor oil alkoxylate. Compositions comprising an estolide of castor oil alkoxylate and uses thereof.

A method of reacting castor oil and an alkoxylated glycerin via a transesterification reaction to produce an estolide of castor oil alkoxylate. Compositions comprising an estolide of castor oil alkoxylate and uses thereof.

Disclosed is a metalworking oil composition containing: at least one base oil (A) selected from a mineral oil and a synthetic oil; sulfurized oils and fats (B) having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 60 mm.sup.2/s or more and 1,600 mm.sup.2/s or less; and a polymer (C) of an unsaturated fatty acid having a carbon number of 10 or more.

Disclosed is a metalworking oil composition containing: at least one base oil (A) selected from a mineral oil and a synthetic oil; sulfurized oils and fats (B) having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 60 mm.sup.2/s or more and 1,600 mm.sup.2/s or less; and a polymer (C) of an unsaturated fatty acid having a carbon number of 10 or more.