A lubricating composition including: a base oil, a lubricant additive composition including, as a component (A), an organic molybdenum compound of the formula (1) described in the specification, and as a component (B), an amine compound of the formula (2) described in the specification, and a specific metal-based cleaner, wherein a content of the component (B) is 2.9 to 18.6 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of molybdenum atoms of the component (A), and a content of the metal-based cleaner is 0.1% to 10% by mass relative to a total amount of the lubricating composition, wherein the lubricating composition does not include tetraalkyl thiuram disulphide, and wherein the component (A) in terms of the amount of molybdenum atoms is 400 to 1200 ppm by mass relative to a total amount of the lubricating composition.

A liquid blend of octylated phenyl-α-naphthylamine, and at least one low molecular weight aromatic ester, wherein the octylated phenyl-α-naphthylamine is present from about 15% to about 35% by weight of the blend, as well as a lubricating composition comprising a lubricant base and an amount of the blend which provides up to 2.0% by weight of the octylated phenyl-α-naphthylamine in the composition.

This invention relates to a liquid antioxidant composition which finds utility as an antioxidant additive in candle wax and lubricant compositions, and has an additional effect of preventing crystallization of the tolutriazole additive used in such compositions. In particular, the antioxidant composition is a combination of an alkylated diphenylamine derivative of tolutriazole with benzyl benzoate.

Provided is a lubricating oil composition for use in internal-combustion engines, containing a base oil (A), an ashless dispersant (B) containing a non-boronated alkenylsuccinic acid imide (B1) and a boronated alkenylsuccinic acid imide (B2), a thiadiazole compound (C), and an aromatic carboxylate (D) having one or more hydroxy groups, wherein the content of the component (C) is 0.2 to 1.2% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, the content of a zinc dithiophosphate is, as calculated in terms of zinc atoms, less than 500 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, and the content of a metal-based detergent is, as calculated in terms of metal atoms, less than 600 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.

Disclosed are metal cleaning formulations and methods of use. A formulation of the present teachings comprises one or more furoate esters such as ethyl 5-methyl-2-furoate and methyl 5-methyl-2-furoate. The formulations further comprise a base oil, which can be, for example, a naphthenic oil, a synthetic oil or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, a formulation can further comprise a metal protection additive and a lubrication additive. A variety of base oils, metal protection additives, and lubrication additives are suitable for use in the present teachings. Formulations of the present teachings are especially useful for the cleaning of metal products such as firearms. The cleaning power of a formulation of the instant teachings can exceed that required for US Military Specifications.

A dispersant for a lubricating oil, containing at least one compound selected from a specific nitrogen-containing compound which is obtained by using, as raw materials, (A) at least one polyolefin selected from polybutene and polyisobutene, (B) at least one maleic acid compound selected from maleic acid and maleic anhydride, and (C) polyamine; a boride of the specific nitrogen-containing compound; and an acylated product of the specific nitrogen-containing compound. The polyolefin (A) satisfies at least one of the following conditions () and (). () a ratio (Sb/Sa) of an integrated value (Sb) of a peak present at 4.40 to 5.00 ppm in a .sup.1H-NMR spectrum to an integrated value (Sa) of a peak present at 5.01 to 5.60 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectrum is 2 or more. () a ratio (Sd/Sc) of an integrated value (Sd) of a peak present at 1.76 to 2.10 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectrum to an integrated value (Sc) of a peak present at 1.65 to 1.75 ppm in the .sup.1H-NMR spectrum is 1 or more.

Provided is a lubricating oil composition containing a mineral base oil (A) having a temperature gradient |Dt| of a distillation temperature between two points of a distillation amount of 2.0% by volume and a distillation amount of 5.0% by volume in a distillation curve of 6.8 C./% by volume or less, and an antioxidant (B) containing an amine-based antioxidant (B1), a phenol-based antioxidant (B2), and a phosphorus-based antioxidant (B3), wherein the content of the component (B3) is 0.06 to 1.0% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. The lubricating oil composition is a long-life lubricating oil composition that maintains excellent oxidation stability even for long-term use in a high-temperature environment, and has a high effect of suppressing the generation of sludge for a long period of time.

The present invention is toward a base oil or lubricant additives, methods of using the same, lubricant compositions including the same, and methods of forming the lubricant compositions. A base oil or lubricant additive has Structure I or Structure II as described herein.

Disclosed is a lubricating oil composition capable of inhibiting vibrations or noises generated between a pulley and a chain or between a pulley and a belt in a CVT or the like, while increasing an intermetallic friction coefficient, the composition containing a base oil, an alkaline earth metal-based detergent (A), a phosphite ester (B1), a phosphate ester amine salt (B2), an acidic phosphate ester (B3), an aliphatic monoamine (C1), and an aromatic monoamine (C2).

A lithium-based thickener is contained in an amount of 6 to 14 wt % based on a total weight of a grease composition. The amount of the lithium-based thickener contained in the grease composition can be reduced by about half compared to a conventional thickener, thus effectively increasing viscosity of base oil and reducing fluidity.