The present invention concerns a coolant, present as an emulsion in the form of a concentrate, for machining fiber-reinforced plastics and material combinations containing fiber-reinforced plastics and metals; furthermore, the present invention also concerns a coolant, present as a solution in the form of concentrate, for machining fiber-reinforced plastics.

A lithium-based grease and the preparation method thereof are provided. The raw materials for preparing the lithium-based grease include in parts by weight: 75-88 parts of base oil, 0.5-2.5 parts of antiwear agent, 0.1-1.5 parts of antirust agent, 0.1-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 5-25 parts of lubricant, 5-15 parts of thickening agent, and 0.6-2.0 parts of saponifying agent. The raw materials also include hydroxyl compound-containing modified graphene containing quaternary ammonium salt or aromatic ring. The grease has good colloid stability and mechanical stability, can greatly improve the antiwear property. More than that, the grease has excellent oxidation resistance, and can significantly shorten the reaction time of the saponification, reduce the reaction temperature of the saponification.

The present invention provides a grease composition for electrical contacts, including: a thickener; a base oil; and an organic sulfur compound, wherein the organic sulfur compound is a compound having no heterocycle containing nitrogen in a molecule thereof.

The invention relates to a seal swell agent which is a substituted sulfonyldibenzene compound, and lubricating compositions containing the seal swell agent. The substituents on the benzene rings may be hydrocarbyl groups of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or alkylene groups of 1-2 carbon atoms with further functional groups.

Lubricating compositions comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. The adduct formed has at least one nitrogen-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl. The lubricating composition also comprises an antiwear agent and an antioxidant. Methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising contacting the internal combustion engine with the lubricating composition comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. Methods of reducing corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine. The use of an azole-acrylic adduct in a lubricating composition to reduce corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine.

The invention is directed to a method for reducing low speed pre-ignition events in a spark-ignited direct injection internal combustion engine by supplying to the sump a lubricant composition which contains an oil of lubricating viscosity and an ashless antioxidant. The ashless antioxidant may be selected from phenolic compounds, aryl amine compounds, and sulfurized olefins, especially 2,6-hindered phenols and diarylamine compounds.

Disclosed is a lubricating oil composition containing a base oil, a viscosity index improver, a molybdenum-based friction modifier, a boron-containing dispersant, and at least two extreme-pressure additives selected from a sulfur-based extreme-pressure additive, a phosphorous-based extreme-pressure additive and a sulfur/phosphorus-based extreme-pressure additive, or a sulfur/phosphorus-based extreme-pressure additive. The base oil is a synthetic oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 3 mm.sup.2/s or more and 10 mm.sup.2/s or less, the viscosity index improver is a resin having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 1,000 or more and 10,000 or less, the mass ratio of boron atoms (B) contained in the boron-containing dispersant to molybdenum atoms (Mo) contained in the molybdenum-based friction modifier, [(B)/(Mo)] is 1 or more and 5 or less, and the mass ratio of sulfur atoms (S) to phosphorus atoms (P) contained in the extreme-pressure additive(s), [(S)/(P)] is 10 or more and 20 or less.

Lubricating compositions comprising a mercaptoazole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting a mercaptoazole compound with an acrylic. The adduct formed has at least one sulfur-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl, or compounds having at least one nitrogen-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl, or mixtures thereof. The lubricating composition also comprises an antiwear agent and an antioxidant. Methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising contacting the internal combustion engine with the lubricating composition comprising a mercaptoazole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting a mercaptoazole compound with an acrylic. Methods of reducing corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine. The use of a mercaptoazole-acrylic adduct in a lubricating composition to reduce corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine.

The invention is directed to a zinc-free lubricating composition for an internal combustion engine containing a phosphorus anti-wear agent, an ashless antioxidant, and a metal-free basic detergent. The lubricating composition provides wear protection, deposit control, and improved acid control with reduced levels of metal-containing additives.

The invention provides a lubricant composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and a protic acid salt of an N-hydrocarbyl-substituted gamma-(γ-) or delta-amino(thio)ester. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating a mechanical device with the lubricant composition.