The present invention relates to methods and systems for cell lysis in a microfluidic device. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and systems for rapid continuous flow mechanical cell lysis. In one embodiment, a microfluidic device includes one or more microfluidic channels, each channel comprising constricted regions and non-constricted regions separating the constricted regions, wherein the constricted regions are configured to disrupt the cellular membranes of cells in fluid flowing through the one or more microfluidic channels.

Devices, systems and methods including a sonicator for sample preparation are provided. A sonicator may be used to mix, resuspend, aerosolize, disperse, disintegrate, or de-gas a solution. A sonicator may be used to disrupt a cell, such as a pathogen cell in a sample. Sample preparation may include exposing pathogen-identifying material by sonication to detect, identify, or measure pathogens. A sonicator may transfer ultrasonic energy to the sample solution by contacting its tip to an exterior wall of a vessel containing the sample. Multipurpose devices including a sonicator also include further components for additional actions and assays. Devices, and systems comprising such devices, may communicate with a laboratory or other devices in a system for sample assay and analysis. Methods utilizing such devices and systems are provided. The improved sample preparation devices, systems and methods are useful for analyzing samples, e.g. for diagnosing patients suffering from infection by pathogens.

Devices, systems and methods including a sonicator for sample preparation are provided. A sonicator may be used to mix, resuspend, aerosolize, disperse, disintegrate, or de-gas a solution. A sonicator may be used to disrupt a cell, such as a pathogen cell in a sample. Sample preparation may include exposing pathogen-identifying material by sonication to detect, identify, or measure pathogens. A sonicator may transfer ultrasonic energy to the sample solution by contacting its tip to an exterior wall of a vessel containing the sample. Multipurpose devices including a sonicator also include further components for additional actions and assays. Devices, and systems comprising such devices, may communicate with a laboratory or other devices in a system for sample assay and analysis. Methods utilizing such devices and systems are provided. The improved sample preparation devices, systems and methods are useful for analyzing samples, e.g. for diagnosing patients suffering from infection by pathogens.

The present disclosure provides functionalized powder particles and methods of forming functionalized powder particles. The functionalization is acquired through the formation of primary and/or secondary structures on a powder particle. Functionalization can be controlled to bring about changes in a broad range of physical and/or chemical properties.

The present invention relates generally to the process of biological tissue and/or cellular disruption, and more particularly to an apparatus which can achieve such tissue and/or cellular disruption through the imposition of a time-varying electromagnetic field generated by electrical means and used to direct magnetic beads or other magnetic particles against a tissue sample. Tissue disruption is accomplished through mechanical impact between the magnetic particles and the sample biological tissue.

An integrated sample purification system includes a housing, a sample container rack, a filter holder, and a cylindrical magnet. The sample container rack and the filter device holder are disposed in the housing. The sample container rack is configured to hold one or more sample containers, the filter device holder is configured to hold one or more filter devices. The cylindrical magnet is adjacent to and external to the sample container rack, and is rotated about a central, longitudinal axis of the magnet by an electric motor disposed in the housing to lyse cells, Molecules of interest in the lysed cells are purified using filters that bind specifically to the molecules of interest. The system is readily amenable to automation and rapid purification and. analysis of molecules of interest, such as nucleic acids and proteins.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for nucleic acid isolation from cellular samples. In particular, the present disclosure provides systems and methods for lysing cells and recovering nucleic acids.

The present invention relates to a method for extracting nucleic acids from a biological sample, and the extraction method presents a novel method for effectively extracting nucleic acids. When nucleic acids are extracted from biological samples in the related art, various impurities present in the biological samples are not properly removed, such that the purification rate is low, but the present invention provides a method for extracting nucleic acids from a biological sample of which the bacteria, virus and nucleic acid recovery rates are enhanced, by adding a surfactant and a sodium sulfate (Na.sub.2SO.sub.4) solution in a biological sample disruption step and a purification step, thereby enabling pathogens to be detected more sensitively and accurately.

It relates to a method for preparation of four kinds of 2, 3-cNMPs (2, 3-cAMP, 2, 3-cGMP, 2, 3-cCMP and 2, 3-cUMP), comprising steps of: (1) extract genomic DNA and amplify gene If3; (2) ligate If3 gene to expression plasmid to construct a recombinant vector, and transfer the recombinant vector to E. coli to obtain a recombinant strain. Cultivate the recombinant strain and collect the fermentation broth; (3) collect the cells form the fermentation broth and disrupt the cells, and then purify the recombinant protein IF3 from the cell extract by Ni.sup.2+-nitrilotriacetic acid resin. Incubate the recombinant protein IF3 solution at 0 C. for 3 days to release 2, 3-cNMPs from IF3, and centrifuge the solution; (4) Ultrafiltrate the supernatant to remove proteins, and prepare four kinds of 2, 3-cNMPs by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) on a C.sub.18 reversed-phase column.

In an example implementation, a method of cell lysis includes moving cell fluid from a first reservoir through a microfluidic channel toward a second reservoir, activating a lysing element multiple times as a cell from the cell fluid passes through the microfluidic channel, and moving lysate fluid that results from the activating through the microfluidic channel and into the second reservoir.