The present subject matter is directed to a coconut coir product comprising coconut coir having some values for electrolytes of interest in a range as measured by photoelectric flame photometry, or flame emission spectroscopy, or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).

A method to expedite the growth of the agave plant by growing the plant tissue from a cell culture in a laboratory utilize incubator cells that are taken from the leaf of an agave plant and grown in a medium containing all the nutrients required for the production of new cells and the maturation of those new cells. The cells are then exposed to photosynthetic active radiation and fed with extra carbon dioxide, causing the cells to undergo photosynthesis and form the sugars that are found in a naturally growing agave plant. These cultivated cells are given an optimum amount of light and carbon dioxide to promote an unexpected and substantially higher growth rate than heretofore achieved.

The present subject matter is directed to a growing medium and method of use. The growing medium comprises coconut coir. The coconut coir has a specific range of electrolytes, particularly sodium, potassium, and calcium. The values of these elements is confirmed in the coconut coir through qualitative and quantitative measurements, such as photoelectric flame photometry, spectroscopy, or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for transforming soybean, corn, cotton, or canola explants using spectinomycin as a selective agent for transformation of the explants. The method may further comprise treatment of the explants with cytokinin during the transformation and regeneration process.

The present invention relates to a medium composition for production of botulinum toxin and, more particularly, to a medium composition for culture of Clostridium sp. capable of producing botulinum toxin. The medium composition of the present invention comprises at least one plant-derived peptone selected from the group consisting of a garden pea hydrolysate, a cotton seed hydrolysate and a wheat gluten hydrolysate. When the medium according to the present invention, which contains plant-derived peptones and minerals, is used for culture of Clostridium botulinum, the growth rate of the bacterium in the medium is about 1.5-2 times higher than that in the medium that is in current use. In addition, when botulinum toxin is produced by culturing the bacterium in the medium, infection with transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) or the like can be prevented by blocking introduction of animal-derived components.

A method to expedite the growth of the agave plant by growing the plant tissue from a cell culture in a laboratory utilize incubator cells that are taken from the leaf of an agave plant and grown in a medium containing all the nutrients required for the production of new cells and the maturation of those new cells. The cells are then exposed to photosynthetic active radiation and fed with extra carbon dioxide, causing the cells to undergo photosynthesis and form the sugars that are found in a naturally growing agave plant. These cultivated cells are given an optimum amount of light and carbon dioxide to promote an unexpected and substantially higher growth rate than heretofore achieved.

The present specification relates to a culturing method for cultured leguminous roots having an increased coumestrol content, the method being capable of mass-producing coumestrol, which is present in a very small amount in a leguminous plant, wherein the culturing method comprises the steps of: (a) germinating leguminous seeds in a culture medium to induce in vitro plants having cotyledons, hypocotyls, and radicles; (b) culturing, in a culture medium, at least one site of cotyledons, hypocotyls, and radicles of the induced in vitro plant to induce site-specific cultured roots; and (c) multiplying the induced site-specific cultured roots in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium contains nutrient components of NH.sub.4NO.sub.3, CaCl.sub.2.2H.sub.2O, MgSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2O, KH.sub.2PO.sub.4, and KNO.sub.3.

The present invention discloses the active substances for preventing hearing deterioration, its preparation method, the pharmaceutical composition containing the active substances, and the preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition. The preparation method of the active substances is performed by plate cultivation, flask cultivation and fermentation tank cultivation, to obtain the active substances of Hericium erinaceus mycelia in powder form. The powder of H. erinaceus mycelia is proved to have the effect of preventing hearing deterioration.

The present application describes a large process for the in vitro production of an olive cell culture.

The application further describes a composition in a form of a powder comprising olive fruit/leaf cells grown in vitro and a method of treating metabolic syndrome disorders, such as, high cholesterol level, comprising administering an effective amount of the composition. The cell line callus culture of olive cells manufactured according to the process of the invention includes high level of hydroxytyrosoll, tyrosol, oleoropein and verbascoside.

The current invention reports the use of meta-tyrosine for increasing the specific productivity of a eukaryotic cell that produces/expresses a polypeptide. In the current method it is not necessary to perform a temperature-, osmolality- or pH shift or to add drugs like valproic acid or sodium butyrate to modulate the specific productivity of the cultivated cells. The method does not affect cell viability or product titer.