The present application relates to recombinant prokaryotic host cells expressing one or more 4-epimerases, one or more glycosyl-1-phosphate transferases, one or more O-oligosaccharyltransferases, and, optionally, one or more ß1,3-galactosyltransferase enzymes capable of transferring galactose to undecaprenyl pyrophosphate-linked N-Acetylgalactosamine. Also disclosed are methods for producing an O-glycosylated protein.

The present invention is directed to a gram-negative bacterial host cell for vaccine use comprising a heterologous functional Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APR) rfb gene cluster producing an APR O-anti-gen bound to the lipid A-core of the bacterial host cell and located on the bacterial host outer surface, and wherein the endogenous rib gene cluster of the bacterial host cell is not functional. The invention further pertains to compositions comprising said host cells, in particular vaccines, and corresponding uses in the prophylaxis and/or therapy of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APR) infections.

The present invention includes systems, methods and compositions for the generation of water-soluble cannabinoids in yeast, and other plant cell suspension cultures as well as novel water-soluble cannabinoid compounds. The present invention also includes compositions of matter that may contain one or more water-soluble cannabinoids.

The present disclosure provides a group of novel uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases, which are bifunctional C-glycoside arabinosyltransferases and C-glycoside glucosyltransferases. The glycosyltransferases can specifically and efficiently catalyze C-glycoside arabinosylation and glucosylation of dihydrochalcone compounds or 2-hydroxyflavanone compounds, to generate C-glycoside dihydrochalcone or C-glycoside-2-hydroxyflavanone compounds; the C-glycoside-2-hydroxyflavanone compounds are further subjected to a dehydration reaction to form flavone-C-glycoside compounds. The present disclosure also provides an application of the novel UDP-glycosyltransferases to artificially constructed recombinant expression systems to generate C-glycoside dihydrochalcone and flavone-C-glycoside compounds by means of fermentation engineering.

The present invention relates to a group of glycosyltransferase, and an application thereof. Specifically, provided is using glycosyltransferase GT29-32, GT29-33, GT29-34, GT29-4, GT29-5, GT29-7, GT29-9, GT29-11, GT29-13, GT29-17, GT29-18, GT29-19, GT29-20, GT29-21, GT29-22, GT29-23, GT29-24, GT29-25, GT29-36, GT29-37, GT29-42, GT29-43, GT29-45, GT29-46, PNUGT29-1, PNUGT29-2, PNUGT29-3, PNUGT29-4, PNUGT29-5, PNUGT29-6, PNUGT29-7, PNUGT29-8, PNUGT29-9, PNUGT29-14, and PNUGT29-15, as well as derived polypeptides thereof to catalyze the first glycosyl at position C-20, the first glycosyl at position C-6, and the first glycosyl at position C-3 of a tetracyclic triterpene compound substrate to elongate a carbohydrate chain, thereby obtaining a catalytic reaction of ginsenoside products such as ginsenoside Rg3, ginsenoside Rd, ginseno-side Rb 1, ginsenoside Rb3, saponin DMGG, saponin DMGX, gypenoside LXXV, gypenoside XVII, gypenoside XIII, gypenoside IX, notoginsenoside U, and notoginsenoside R1, notoginsenoside R2, notoginsenoside R3, 3-0-13-(D-xylopyranosyl)-13-(D-glucopyra-nosyl)-PPD, 3-0-13-(D-xylopyranosyl)-13-(D-glucopyranosyl)-CK, 20-O-Glucosylginsenoside Rf, and Ginsenoside F3. Glycosyltrans-ferase in the present invention can further be applied to construction of artificially synthesized ginsenoside, novel ginsenoside, and derivatives thereof.

The present invention discloses the use of a flavonoid glycoside and glycosyltransferase gene thereof in regulating plant resistance to weeds. The present invention provides the use of tricin-5-O-glucopyranoside in any one of the following: regulating plant allelopathy; regulating plant resistance to weeds; inhibiting the growth of weeds, and the use of Os07g0503900 protein or related biological materials thereof in any one of the following: regulating plant allelopathy; regulating plant resistance to weeds; regulating the content of tricin-5-O-glucopyranoside in plants; catalyzing the glycosylation of tricin to generate tricin-5-O-glucopyranoside; act as or preparing glycosylation transferase; inhibiting the growth of weeds. The present invention is of great significance for developing environment-friendly green pesticides, cultivating rice varieties with high allelopathy and regulating the biosynthesis of tricin-5-O-glucopyranoside, and provides theoretical guidance for the control of weeds in paddy fields.

The invention provides compositions and methods for delivering a bioactive moiety comprising at least one non-natural component into a cell cytosol of a eukaryotic cell. The bioactive moiety is linked to an A component of a bacterial toxin, a functional wild-type or modified fragment thereof, or an A component surrogate or mimetic. For delivery, the cell is contacted with the linked bioactive moiety and a corresponding B component of the bacterial toxin or a functional fragment thereof.

Disclosed is a novel polyene-specific glycosyltransferase derived from Pseudonocardia autotrophica. The glycosyltransferase includes an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and a gene encoding the glycosyltransferase. The glycosyltransferase is produced by a method which includes the steps of: culturing transgenic recombinant microorganisms; and isolating glycosyltransferase from the cultured recombinant microorganisms.

A method for producing insoluble alpha-1,3-glucan is disclosed. Embodiments of the method comprise providing (i) oligosaccharides that comprise alpha-1,3 and alpha-1,6 glycosidic linkages, or (ii) oligosaccharides derived from a glucosyltransferase reaction; and contacting at least water, sucrose, a glucosyltransferase enzyme, and the oligosaccharides provided in the first step. Glucosyltransferase reaction compositions embodying such a method, and insoluble products thereof, are also disclosed. Yield and other product benefits can be realized when practicing the disclosed subject matter.

Methods for preparing hypersialylated IgG are described.