A medium supplement for high-yield culture of anaerobes is disclosed. The medium supplement includes N-acetylhexosamine, L-aspartic acid, L-cysteine and cobalamin. A culture medium including the supplement and a culture method using the culture medium are also disclosed. It is possible to provide an innovative method which is capable of achieving high-concentration culture of anaerobes that are difficult to culture in high yield. The method is cost-effective, and in particular, is capable of culturing large amounts of fastidious aerobes suitable for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.

Methods for generating human induced mesenchymal stem cells (iMSC) from human pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells, are provided. Progenitors of iMSCs are first generated in a two-step protocol, with further differentiation to iMSCs accomplished by a third step culture. The iMSCs express mesenchymal surface markers and exhibit trilineage differentiation to adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes. Culture media, methods of isolating extracellular vesicles from the iMSCs and kits are also provided.

The present invention provides a means for suppressing formation and/or proliferation of undesired cells derived from stem cells in a cell population containing cells differentiated from stem cells. The nutrition composition according to the present invention is a nutrition composition for suppressing formation and/or proliferation of undesired cells derived from stem cells in a cell population containing cells differentiated from stem cells, the nutrition composition containing at least one essential amino acid selected from the group consisting of isoleucine, leucine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, threonine and histidine except valine, and optionally containing a non-essential amino acid(s).

Provided are biomaterials useful for cell culture, method of preparation thereof, and use thereof. The present biomaterial comprises a crosslinked hydrogel and a peptide chemically attached to the hydrogel, wherein the peptide comprises a histidine-alanine-valine (HAV) sequence. In particular, the present biomaterial may be useful for culturing neurons, brain endothelial cells, and/or glial cells, supporting the formation of synaptically connected neural networks, and growing stem cell-derived organoids that more closely resemble human organs.

The present invention relates to methods of modulating the mannose content of recombinant proteins.

In accordance with the present invention, CHO cells expressing a recombinant polypeptide of interest are grown in media where the amino acids, vitamins, phosphate, lipids and/or antioxidant optimization is utilized to manipulate and/or control the protein quality attributes of the polypeptides. Polypeptides expressed in accordance with the present invention may be advantageously used in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.

An object of the present invention is to provide a culture medium for producing extracellular vesicles, a culture medium kit, an additive, and a method for producing extracellular vesicles, whereby the production of extracellular vesicles is promoted. The present invention is to provide a culture medium for producing extracellular vesicles. The culture medium for producing extracellular vesicles contains a basal medium for culturing animal cells, and at least one component selected from L-glutamine or a salt thereof, transferrin, selenious acid or a salt thereof, insulin, insulin-like growth factors, a serotonin compound, and transforming growth factor β. Furthermore, in a case of containing L-glutamine or a salt thereof, the culture medium for producing extracellular vesicles contains L-glutamine or a salt thereof with a concentration of 5 mM or more in the culture medium for producing extracellular vesicles. The present invention is to further provide a culture medium kit, an additive, and a method for producing extracellular vesicles.

Provide are modified host cells that are engineered to decrese expression of a product to undetectable levels in the presence of an exogenous agent, and increase expression of the product in the presence of another exogenous agent. The modified yeast strainshost cells do not express detectable levels of a precursor or substrate used to make the product. The product can be a cannabinoid or precursor thereof, and the substrate can be hexanoate. Also provided are methods for making a product using the modified host cells. The modified host cell can be a yeast strain, such as S. cerevisiae.

The present disclosure provides an in vitro method for preparation of human pluripotent stem cells (HPSCs) from human adipocyte-derived stem cells (ADSCs) without any genetic engineering techniques and without involving any exogenous gene elements, plasmid or transcription factors and the so obtained HPSCs are referred to as directly-generated human pluripotent stem cells (dgHPSCs). The present invention further provides an in vitro method for insulin production from the dgHPSCs by means of single- or co-transduction with human estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) gene by the lentivirus vector pWPI/ERRγ encoding the human ERRγ gene and/or with human insulin (INS) gene by a lentivirus vector, pWPI/INS encoding the human INS gene, where the insulin secreted by such co-transduced cells is higher than singly transduced cells. The present invention also provides an in vitro method for insulin production in a glucose-concentration responsive manner involving single transduction of the dgHPSCs with the human ERRγ gene.

The invention relates to a method of cell culture where the cells are modified to reduce the level of synthesis of growth and/or productivity inhibitors by the cell. The invention also relates to a method of cell culture for improving cell growth and productivity, in particular in fed-batch culture of mammalian cells at high cell density. The invention further relates to a method of producing cells with improved cell growth and/or productivity in cell culture and to cells obtained or obtainable by such methods.