The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition which comprises animal protein, comprising (a) isolating precursor cells from perinatal tissue of a mammal; (b) incubating the precursor cells under conditions which lead to a myogenic differentiation of the precursor cells; and (c) harvesting the cells. The present invention also relates to a method for producing precursor cells from perinatal tissue, to animal protein produced according to the invention, and precursor cells produced according to the invention. The present invention further relates to the use of a culture medium which has a reduced content of methionine in comparison to standard medium, to the differentiation of precursor cells, and to a method for the in vitro production of a meat-like composition.

The present invention relates to the in vitro production of erythrocytes/granulocytes and to the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome using a method for inducing hemoblast differentiation. The present invention provides a media composition comprising gelsolin as an active ingredient for inducing the differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells into erythrocytes/granulocytes, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising gelsolin as an active ingredient for treating myelodysplastic syndrome. Since the composition of the present invention improves the efficiency of differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells into erythrocytes/granulocytes while maintaining a low rate of occurrence of cell dysplasia and having the effect of improving the enucleation rate and cell survivability, the present invention can be effectively used for producing erythrocytes/granulocytes in vitro and for treating myelodysplastic syndrome.

Disclosed herein are induced hepatocytes from a trophoblast stem cell, methods for inducing the cells, and compositions thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating a disease or disorder (e.g., liver-associated) by utilizing an induced hepatocyte disclosed herein.

A method of generating neural stem cells or motor neurons is disclosed, the method comprising up-regulating a level of at least one exogenous miRNA and/or down-regulating at least one miRNA using an agent which hybridizes to the miRNA in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or down-regulating Related to testis-specific, vespid and pathogenesis protein 1 (RTVP-1).

Provided herein are isolated neural stem cells. Also provided are methods for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases using suitable preparations comprising the isolated neural stem cells.

A method of generating a population of cells useful for treating a brain disorder in a subject is disclosed. The method comprises contacting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with at least one exogenous miRNA having a nucleic acid sequence at least 90% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 15-19 and 27-35, thereby generating the population of cells and/or generating neurotrophic factors that may provide important signals to damaged tissues or locally residing stem cells. MSCs differentiated by miRs may also secrete miRs and deliver them to adjacent cells and therefore provide important signals to neighboring endogenous normal or malignant cells.

A method for culturing placental potential cell is provided, comprising steps of: (1) obtaining placental cells and/or tissue under aseptic condition; (2) inoculating the placental cells and/or the tissue in a culture medium for culturing, adding cell growth regulators to the culture medium, in such a manner that the placental potential cells grows to make the placental cells and/or the tissue into a proliferative state; (3) culturing the placental potential cells to make the placental potential cells proliferate continuously into cells with characteristics of stem cells. The present invention not only finds the source of human tissues, organs and the continuation of their function, i.e., regenerative potential cells; but also finds a medical and health longevity method, but also finds out the life materials to maintain and support the potential cells, so as to replace drugs with the living material.

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating stem/progenitor cells of the amniotic membrane of umbilical cord that comprises obtaining a tissue explant from the amniotic membrane of umbilical cord and cultivating the tissue explant in suitable cultivation media and cultivation conditions over a suitable period of time. The method may include isolating the stem/progenitor cells from the tissue cultures. The stem cells may be epithelial or mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells. The isolated stem cell cells can have embryonic stem cell-like properties and can be used for various therapeutic purposes.

Provided herein are isolated neural stem cells and methods of making neural stem cells from human trophoblast stem cells. The isolated neural stem cells can be immune privileged and express one or more protein(s). Also provided are methods for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases using suitable preparations comprising the isolated neural stem cells.

Provided herein are methods of treating cancer in a human subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of CYNK cells to the subject so as thereby to provide an effective treatment of the cancer in the subject. The CYNK cells can be placental-derived natural killer (NK) cells or placental CD34+ cell-derived natural killer (NK) cells. The cancers to be treated include multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia. The present invention also provides compositions comprising CYNK cells for the treatment of multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia and methods of their use.