A method of transdermal delivery of a vaccine, comprising preparing microparticles of encapsulated vaccine by spray drying a mixture of the vaccine and at least one polymer, and injecting the microparticles transdermally using a microneedle delivery apparatus.

The present invention relates to a process for in vitro spermatogenesis from male germinal tissue comprising conducting maturation of testicular tissue comprising germ cells in a bioreactor which is made of a biomaterial and comprises at least one cavity wherein the germinal tissue is placed, and recovering elongated spermatids and/or spermatozoa.

The present invention provides a culture method of cells and/or tissues including culturing cells and/or tissues in a suspended state by using a medium composition having an effect of preventing sedimentation of cells and/or tissues, which is afforded by substantially retaining the cells and/or tissues without substantially increasing the viscosity of the solution by nanofibers which have been added to the solution and uniformly dispersed in the liquid medium, and the like.

Described are methods for producing tissue constructs, tissue constructs produced by the methods, and their use. The described method of producing a tissue construct comprises providing a granular tissue, depositing one or more filaments on or in the granular tissue, each filament comprising an ink, and gelling or fusing the granular tissue, thereby producing the tissue construct.

A cell-cultured meat production device based on microfluidic 3D printing technology includes a printing nozzle, a printing moving system, a loading platform, a sample injection system and a base. The printing moving system is disposed on the base and is composed of a plurality of movable optical axes. The printing nozzle is disposed on a movable optical axis, the sample injection system is connected to the printing nozzle, and the printing nozzle is a micro-fluidic chip. The present invention is based on microfluidic 3D printing, where biological ink is extruded by means of a microfluidic chip to form printed fibers that, under the drive of the printing moving system, are stacked for formation to achieve single-step construction of a piece of three-dimensional tissue having tissue anisotropy, which is used for cell-cultured meat production.

Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for manufacturing, processing and storing composite materials, containing bacterial cellulose and eukaryotic cells, e.g., fungal cells. The methods comprise a first culture, in which bacteria produce a cellulose-containing scaffold, and a second culture, in which the scaffold is cultured in the presence of eukaryotic cells, such as fungi or animal cells, which populate the scaffold to produce the composite material.

Described are methods for producing tissue constructs, tissue constructs produced by the methods, and their use. The described method of producing a tissue construct comprises providing a granular tissue, depositing one or more filaments on or in the granular tissue, each filament comprising an ink, and gelling or fusing the granular tissue, thereby producing the tissue construct.

The present invention is directed to gels, cryogels and other polymer scaffolds, solid surfaces, aggregates, films and coatings comprising a soluble chemically modified cross-linked chitosan useful for 3D cell and organoid bioprinting and other uses in biology, medicine, bioanalytics and environmental sciences and methods of preparation thereof.

The present invention refers to a coating composition comprising a suspension of a microorganism, wherein the suspension comprises a pigmented vegetative cell, an unpigmented vegetative cell and a pigmented chlamydospore of the microorganism, and a surfactant ranging from 130 g/mol and 1500 g/mol. The invention further relates to a method for the preparation of the coating composition, a method for application coating one or more coating pre-layers and curing a material, a coated material obtainable by this method and a method for refreshing the coating of the coated material.

The present disclosure provides a method of deriving and maintaining a midbrain-like organoid in culture, comprising (a) culturing pluripotent stem cells to obtain neuronal lineage embryoid bodies; (b) culturing the neuronal lineage embryoid bodies from (a) to obtain midbrain regionalized tissues; (c) embedding and culturing the midbrain regionalized tissues from (b) in an extracellular matrix to obtain neuroepithelial tissues; and (c) culturing the neuroepithelial tissues from (c) to obtain a midbrain-like organoid. Also disclosed herein are culture media suitable for deriving and maintaining neuronal lineage embryoid bodies comprising (a) TGF- Inhibitor and/or SMAD2/3 inhibitors; and (b) WNT-signaling activator; culture media suitable for deriving and maintaining midbrain regionalized tissues comprising (a) TGF- Inhibitor and/or SMAD2/3 inhibitors; (b) WNT-signaling activator; (c) hedgehog signaling protein; and (d) fibroblast growth factor; culture media suitable for deriving and maintaining neuroepithelial tissues comprising (a) hedgehog signaling protein; and (b) fibroblast growth factor and culture media suitable for deriving and maintaining a midbrain-like organoid comprising (a) neurotrophin factor; (b) ascorbic acid; and (c) activator of cAMP-dependent pathway.