This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 7-hydroxyheptanoate methyl ester and heptanoic acid heptyl ester using one or more of a fatty acid O-methyltransferase, an alcohol O-acetyltransferase, and a monooxygenase, as well as recombinant hosts expressing one or more of such exogenous enzymes. 7-hydroxyheptanoate methyl esters and heptanoic acid heptyl esters can be enzymatically converted to pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoate, 7-hydroxyheptanoate, heptamethylenediamine, or 1,7-heptanediol.

The invention relates to a GDSL lipase, genetically-engineered bacteria and an application thereof. The GDSL lipase is derived from Streptomyces diastaticus CS1801 and its amino acid sequence is as shown in SEQ ID NO.2. After construction of a genetically-engineered bacterium strain, a GDSL lipase is generated through fermentation. Through this enzyme, vitamin A and palmitic acid are converted to produce vitamin A palmitate. The content of the vitamin A palmitate obtained from the conversion is 16.35 mg/L at most. The conversion efficiency is 81.75% at most. This lipase provides a new path to synthesize vitamin A palmitate by the enzymatic method and has an important application prospect.

The present invention provides an alga that is modified to have suppressed expression of ATG8 through (i) overexpression of MEX1 and/or (ii) silencing of ATG8 with a miRNA and exhibits increased photosynthetic productivity to achieve increased biomass productivity in algal cells. The invention further provides a method of producing such a modified alga, a method of biomass production using such a modified alga, and starch produced using such a modified alga.

The present invention relates to at least one cell for producing at least one lipid with general formula II from at least one carbon substrate, ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another comprises identical or different organic radicals each with 5 to 13 carbon atoms,
wherein the cell is a non-pathogenic cell that is genetically modified to increase the heterologous expression relative to the wild type cell of: an enzyme (E.sub.2) capable of converting 3-hydroxyalkanoyl-3-hydroxyalkanoyl-CoA/ACP or 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkanoic acid (HAA) and NDP-glucose into β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxyalkanoyl-3-hydroxyalkanoate.

Processes for transesterifying wax esters. Implementations may include: providing a feedstock including wax esters, contacting the feedstock with a lipase, and catalytically transesterifying the wax esters in the feedstock with the lipase to form a transesterified product. An oxidative stability index (OSI) of the transesterified product may be greater than an OSI of the feedstock.

The present invention relates to proteins involved in fatty acid synthesis, such as fatty acid synthases (FAS) variants, comprising one or more polypeptide chains, wherein said polypeptide chain(s) comprise one or more subunits comprising a malonyl/palmitoyl transferase domain (MPT domain), acetyl transferase domain (AT domain), and ketoacyl synthase domain (KS domain), and at least one amino acid substitution in the MPT domain at a position corresponding to R130, in the AT domain at a position corresponding to 1306, and/or in the KS domain, preferably in the acyl binding channel and/or at KS domain binding site to ACP, to modulate affinities of acyl intermediates, and optionally further amino acid substitution(s). The present invention relates to the respective polypeptide domains.

The present invention further relates to nucleic acid molecules encoding the proteins (or the polypeptide domains) and to host cells containing said nucleic acid molecules. The present invention further relates to a method for the production of short fatty acids, CoA esters of short fatty acids, ethyl esters of short fatty acids, esters of short fatty acids with other metabolites, and/or enzyme bound short fatty acids (C.sub.6 to C.sub.12), comprising the expression of said nucleic acid molecules, preferably in said host cells. The present invention further relates to a method for the production of biofuels, flavoring compounds and/or fine chemicals, comprising the expression of said nucleic acid molecules, preferably in said host cells. The present invention also relates to the use of the proteins, nucleic acids molecule or host cells for the bulk production of short fatty acids (C.sub.6 to C.sub.12), the specific production of C.sub.6 fatty acids and/or C.sub.8 fatty acids, the bulk production of CoA esters of short fatty acids (C.sub.6 to C.sub.12), the specific production of C.sub.6-CoA esters and/or C.sub.8-CoA esters, the bulk production of ethyl esters of short fatty acids (C.sub.6 to C.sub.12), the specific production of C.sub.6 fatty acid ethyl esters and/or C.sub.8 fatty acid ethyl esters, the bulk production of esters of short fatty acids (C.sub.6 to C.sub.12) with other metabolites, the specific production of C.sub.6 fatty acid esters with other metabolites and/or C.sub.8 fatty acid esters with other metabolites, the bulk production of enzyme bound short fatty acids (C.sub.6 to C.sub.12), the specific production of enzyme bound C.sub.6 fatty acids and/or enzyme bound C.sub.8 fatty acids, the production of biofuels, fine chemicals and/or flavoring substances.

The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for refining grain oil compositions using an esterase enzyme component, water, bleaching processes, and combinations thereof, and related compositions produced therefrom having one or more reduced color values. The present disclosure also relates to methods of using said compositions, e.g., as mineral oil replacements.

Provided is a method for producing an unsaturated fatty acid oxide (e.g. ω3 fatty acid oxide) that is new and has more beneficial features compared to conventional technologies. This method uses a lipoxygenase-containing composition (e.g. a lipoxygenase-containing composition derived from beans) as a lipoxygenase enzyme, and also uses a freezing method with organic solvent extraction. The present invention makes it possible to produce an unsaturated fatty acid oxide (e.g. ω3 fatty acid oxide) efficiently and at a low cost. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing an ω3 fatty acid oxide isolated and purified by this method as an active ingredient.

The invention relates to a mixture composition comprising glucolipids, to its use for producing formulations and to formulations comprising this mixture composition.

Implementations of wax ester compositions may include: a product of transesterifying oleyl oleate, stearyl stearate, and behenyl behenate using one of a chemical or an enzyme catalyst. The ratio of the oleyl oleate to stearyl stearate to behenyl behenate in the mixture prior to transesterification is one of 65%/23%/12%, 56%/29%/15%, or 36%/34%/30%, respectively, measured by weight. The product may demonstrate a substantially equivalent physical property to a physical property of a transesterified wax ester composition including a jojoba ester.