A non-leaching mediator may include a polymer having a polymeric backbone, and a plurality of phenothiazine groups bonded to the polymeric backbone. The plurality of phenothiazine groups may include at least one of a phenothiazine group having the general formula (IV): ##STR00001##
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and R represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded, and a phenothiazine group having the general formula (V): ##STR00002##
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and R represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded.

The present invention provides members that produce on a large scale a coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase which has excellent substrate-recognizing ability toward glucose while providing low action on maltose. The present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a soluble coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of glucose in the presence of an electron acceptor and has an activity toward maltose of 5% or lower; a polypeptide encoded by the nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide; a recombinant vector carrying the polynucleotide; a transformed cell produced using the recombinant vector; a method for producing a polypeptide comprising culturing the transformed cell and collecting from the cultivated products a polypeptide that links to FAD to exert the glucose dehydration activity; a method for determination of glucose using the polypeptide; a reagent composition for determination of glucose; and a biosensor.

A bio-enzyme sensor capable of super-hydrophobic solid-liquid-gas three-phase coexistence and a method for preparing the same. The bio-enzyme sensor comprises, from bottom to top, a base material with super-hydrophobic surface, a catalytic material having the function of catalyzing hydrogen peroxide, and bio-enzyme capable of reacting with a substance to be tested to generate hydrogen peroxide. A sufficient amount of oxygen can be provided for enzymatic reaction by forming a state of solid-liquid-gas three-phase coexistence on the surface of the super-hydrophobic material.

A composition is provided. The composition comprises an enzyme and a ruthenium- or osmium-based electron transfer agent, wherein the ruthenium- or osmium-based electron transfer agent is a complex [M(A).sub.x(B).sub.y](X).sub.n wherein M is ruthenium or osmium; A is an amine ligand; each B is a ligand different to A; x is an integer selected from 1 to 5; y is an integer selected from 1 to 5; x+y is 6 or 8; n is an integer selected from 1 to 6; and X is any suitable counterion.

An electrochemical test device for determining a concentration of an analyte in a fluid sample is provided. The electrochemical test device comprises a set of electrodes including a working electrode for the analyte and sensing chemistry for the working electrode, wherein the sensing chemistry comprises a diaphorase, an electron transfer agent having a standard redox potential in the range of 0.52 to 0.18 V, an NAD(P).sup.+-dependent dehydrogenase and a cofactor for the NAD(P).sup.+-dependent dehydrogenase.

The present invention provides members that produce on a large scale a coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase which has excellent substrate-recognizing ability toward glucose while providing low action on maltose. The present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a soluble coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of glucose in the presence of an electron acceptor and has an activity toward maltose of 5% or lower; a polypeptide encoded by the nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide; a recombinant vector carrying the polynucleotide; a transformed cell produced using the recombinant vector; a method for producing a polypeptide comprising culturing the transformed cell and collecting from the cultivated products a polypeptide that links to FAD to exert the glucose dehydration activity; a method for determination of glucose using the polypeptide; a reagent composition for determination of glucose; and a biosensor.

The present invention provides members that produce on a large scale a coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase which has excellent substrate-recognizing ability toward glucose while providing low action on maltose. The present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a soluble coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of glucose in the presence of an electron acceptor and has an activity toward maltose of 5% or lower; a polypeptide encoded by the nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide; a recombinant vector carrying the polynucleotide; a transformed cell produced using the recombinant vector; a method for producing a polypeptide comprising culturing the transformed cell and collecting from the cultivated products a polypeptide that links to FAD to exert the glucose dehydration activity; a method for determination of glucose using the polypeptide; a reagent composition for determination of glucose; and a biosensor.

The disclosure relates to a biosensor including electrodes, a hydrophilic region or layer, and a reagent layer that contains an enzyme and a mediator, and methods of producing thereof.

The present invention provides: a reagent composition having higher storage stability; a sensor involving the reagent composition; and others. According to the present invention, a specific heterocyclic compound is added to a reagent composition to improve the storage stability of the reagent composition and reduce the degree of fluctuation in current values in a sensor that utilizes reagent composition.

The present invention provides: a reagent composition having higher storage stability; a sensor involving the reagent composition; and others. According to the present invention, a specific heterocyclic compound is added to a reagent composition to improve the storage stability of the reagent composition and reduce the degree of fluctuation in current values in a sensor that utilizes reagent composition.