A method for assessing drug-resistant microorganism includes the following steps. A model establishing step is performed so as to obtain an antibiotic resistance assessing classifier. A test sample is provided. A sample pre-processing step is performed so as to obtain a processed sample. An analysis step is performed so as to obtain a target mass spectrum data. A spectrum pre-processing step is performed so as to obtain a normalized target mass spectrum data. A feature extraction step is performed so as to obtain a spectrum feature. An assessing step is performed, wherein the spectrum feature is analyzed by the antibiotic resistance assessing classifier so as to output an assessed result of drug-resistant microorganism, and the assessed result of drug-resistant microorganism is for assessing whether the test microorganism is a drug-resistant microorganism or not.

A process for determining the sensitivity or resistance of at least one identified bacterium to at least one antibiotic, wherein the process includes the following steps: a) bringing a sample including bacterium into contact with the at least one antibiotic, the antibiotic inducing the rupture of the bacterial wall and/or of the cytoplasmic membrane and causing the release of the intracellular compounds of the bacterium when the bacterium is termed “sensitive” to the at least one antibiotic, b) incubating the sample with the at least one antibiotic, c) purifying the sample by removing the intact bacteria and the cell debris, d) analyzing the purified sample by mass spectrometry, e) detecting the presence or absence of at least one peak of at least one protein characteristic of the bacterium, and f) determining the sensitivity or the resistance of the bacterial population to the antibiotic.

A process for determining the sensitivity or resistance of at least one identified bacterium to at least one antibiotic, wherein the process includes the following steps: a) bringing a sample including bacterium into contact with the at least one antibiotic, the antibiotic inducing the rupture of the bacterial wall and/or of the cytoplasmic membrane and causing the release of the intracellular compounds of the bacterium when the bacterium is termed “sensitive” to the at least one antibiotic, b) incubating the sample with the at least one antibiotic, c) purifying the sample by removing the intact bacteria and the cell debris, d) analyzing the purified sample by mass spectrometry, e) detecting the presence or absence of at least one peak of at least one protein characteristic of the bacterium, and f) determining the sensitivity or the resistance of the bacterial population to the antibiotic.

Provided is a cell culture test device including a plurality of well units. Each of the well units includes a first inlet portion through which a first fluid is introduced, a first accommodation space communicating with the first inlet portion to accommodate a flow of the first fluid introduced through the first inlet portion, a second inlet portion through which a second fluid is introduced, and a second accommodation space in which the second fluid is accommodated. The second accommodation space accommodates an island structure connected with an island-connecting structure extending from the wall surface of the second accommodation space. A third inlet portion through which an antibiotic is loaded is formed above the island structure. The antibiotic loaded through the third inlet portion is fixedly accommodated on the inner and outer surfaces of the island structure.

Provided is a cell culture test device including a plurality of well units. Each of the well units includes a first inlet portion through which a first fluid is introduced, a first accommodation space communicating with the first inlet portion to accommodate a flow of the first fluid introduced through the first inlet portion, a second inlet portion through which a second fluid is introduced, and a second accommodation space in which the second fluid is accommodated. The second accommodation space accommodates an island structure connected with an island-connecting structure extending from the wall surface of the second accommodation space. A third inlet portion through which an antibiotic is loaded is formed above the island structure. The antibiotic loaded through the third inlet portion is fixedly accommodated on the inner and outer surfaces of the island structure.

A process is provided for isolating and analyzing microorganisms contained in a sample by collecting a determined volume in a sample, the determined volume representing all or part of this sample, likely to contain at least one microorganism. The collected volume is then split up into a plurality of compartments having a culture medium, the volume of each compartment being smaller than 10 μL, each compartment being isolated from the other compartments and having no interface with the ambient atmosphere. At least one microorganism is incubated in the compartments for determined durations, and compartments are detected that contain at least one microorganism. The incubation may be extended after detecting compartments so that at least one microorganism having a defined quantity can be detected, and then the content of the detected compartments can be recovered. Finally, at least one functional parameter relative to a microorganism in the compartments is determined.

A method for determining a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to an antimicrobial drug for a bacteria culture in a container, the method comprising calculating for each well a third derivative of said detected intensity; comparing said third derivative of the detected intensity to one or more threshold values; determining a MIC value based on said comparison of said third derivative to said one or more threshold values.

A method for determining a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to an antimicrobial drug for a bacteria culture in a container, the method comprising calculating for each well a third derivative of said detected intensity; comparing said third derivative of the detected intensity to one or more threshold values; determining a MIC value based on said comparison of said third derivative to said one or more threshold values.

Methods of controlling bacteria cells are disclosed. These methods comprise upregulating expression of a DVU2956 sigma 54-dependent enhancer-binding protein (EBP) in bacteria cells, resulting in (i) dispersing a biofilm of the cells or reducing biofilm formation by the cells, and/or (ii) reducing hydrogen sulfide formation by the cells. Further disclosed are methods of identifying compounds for controlling bacteria cells as in (i) and/or (ii) above. Polynucleotides and cells are disclosed that can optionally be used to practice compound identification methods.

Methods of controlling bacteria cells are disclosed. These methods comprise upregulating expression of a DVU2956 sigma 54-dependent enhancer-binding protein (EBP) in bacteria cells, resulting in (i) dispersing a biofilm of the cells or reducing biofilm formation by the cells, and/or (ii) reducing hydrogen sulfide formation by the cells. Further disclosed are methods of identifying compounds for controlling bacteria cells as in (i) and/or (ii) above. Polynucleotides and cells are disclosed that can optionally be used to practice compound identification methods.