A method of analyzing a molecule is disclosed. A lipid bilayer is formed such that it divides a first reservoir characterized by a first reservoir osmolarity from a second reservoir characterized by a second reservoir osmolarity. An electrolyte solution is flowed to the first reservoir that tends to make a first change to a ratio of the first reservoir osmolarity to the second reservoir osmolarity. A voltage is applied across the lipid bilayer, wherein the lipid bilayer is inserted with a nanopore, and wherein a net transfer of ions between the first reservoir and the second reservoir tends to make a second change to the ratio of the first reservoir osmolarity to the second reservoir osmolarity, and wherein the first change to the ratio and the second change to the ratio tends to counter-balance each other.

A method for investigating intra- and/or intermolecular interactions involving RNA is provided. The method includes a) synthesizing a RNA/DNA heteroduplex (RDH) comprising a RNA strand of interest paired to a DNA strand; b) binding a first end of the DNA strand and a corresponding first end of the RNA strand to a first element of a nanoscale manipulating device, and a second end of the DNA strand to a second element of the nanoscale manipulating device, leaving a second end of the RNA strand free; c) moving the first and second elements of the manipulating device apart from each other, stretching the DNA strand and causing the RNA strand to peel off the heteroduplex; and d) moving the first and second elements of the nanoscale manipulating device towards each other, allowing the DNA strand to relax and causing the RNA strand to bind again to it. Measurement of a force-displacement relationship during steps c) and d) provides information on intra- and/or intermolecular interactions involving the RNA strand. Also provided is an apparatus for carrying out the method.

A method for investigating intra- and/or intermolecular interactions involving RNA is provided. The method includes a) synthesizing a RNA/DNA heteroduplex (RDH) comprising a RNA strand of interest paired to a DNA strand; b) binding a first end of the DNA strand and a corresponding first end of the RNA strand to a first element of a nanoscale manipulating device, and a second end of the DNA strand to a second element of the nanoscale manipulating device, leaving a second end of the RNA strand free; c) moving the first and second elements of the manipulating device apart from each other, stretching the DNA strand and causing the RNA strand to peel off the heteroduplex; and d) moving the first and second elements of the nanoscale manipulating device towards each other, allowing the DNA strand to relax and causing the RNA strand to bind again to it. Measurement of a force-displacement relationship during steps c) and d) provides information on intra- and/or intermolecular interactions involving the RNA strand. Also provided is an apparatus for carrying out the method.

In a nucleic acid extraction container, a filter part includes: a hydrophilic filter for collecting biological materials containing a nucleic acid from a sample; a biological material collection area for collecting biological materials on the filter; and a sample permeation area for allowing the passage of a sample having permeated through the filter. A sample injection port communicates with the biological material collection area. An air communication port communicates with the biological material collection area. A sample discharge port communicates with the sample permeation area. The air communication port is configured so as to be outwardly openable and closable.

In a nucleic acid extraction container, a filter part includes: a hydrophilic filter for collecting biological materials containing a nucleic acid from a sample; a biological material collection area for collecting biological materials on the filter; and a sample permeation area for allowing the passage of a sample having permeated through the filter. A sample injection port communicates with the biological material collection area. An air communication port communicates with the biological material collection area. A sample discharge port communicates with the sample permeation area. The air communication port is configured so as to be outwardly openable and closable.

A gene sequencing reaction device, a gene sequencing system and a gene sequencing reaction method. The gene sequencing reaction device includes: a supporting platform; a dipping container disposed on the supporting platform, wherein the dipping container has a dipping reaction area, and the dipping reaction area is configured to hold a chemical reagent for gene sequencing reaction, so as to dip a sequencing chip having a DNA sample loading structure on the surface and having a DNA sample loaded thereon in the chemical reagent to perform a gene sequencing reaction; a temperature control apparatus, configured to control the temperature of the chemical reagent in the dipping reaction area; and a transfer apparatus, configured to insert the sequencing chip into the dipping reaction area or pull out the sequencing chip from the dipping reaction area.

A gene sequencing reaction device, a gene sequencing system and a gene sequencing reaction method. The gene sequencing reaction device includes: a supporting platform; a dipping container disposed on the supporting platform, wherein the dipping container has a dipping reaction area, and the dipping reaction area is configured to hold a chemical reagent for gene sequencing reaction, so as to dip a sequencing chip having a DNA sample loading structure on the surface and having a DNA sample loaded thereon in the chemical reagent to perform a gene sequencing reaction; a temperature control apparatus, configured to control the temperature of the chemical reagent in the dipping reaction area; and a transfer apparatus, configured to insert the sequencing chip into the dipping reaction area or pull out the sequencing chip from the dipping reaction area.

Methods for detecting and characterizing large genomic rearrangements induced by modified nucleases at high resolution and for quantifying the frequency of the large genomic or gene rearrangements induced by modified nucleases using Molecular Combing.

Methods for detecting and characterizing large genomic rearrangements induced by modified nucleases at high resolution and for quantifying the frequency of the large genomic or gene rearrangements induced by modified nucleases using Molecular Combing.

Devices, containers, and methods are provided for performing biological analysis in a closed environment. Illustrative biological analyses include nucleic acid amplification and detection and immuno-PCR.