The invention relates to a modified microorganism for the production of PDO from a carbon substrate wherein the microorganism includes a three-step metabolic pathway including a first step of conversion of 2,4-dihydroxybutyrate (DHB) to obtain 2-oxo-4-hydroxybutyrate (OHB) by an enzyme having 2,4-DHB dehydrogenase activity, a second step of decarboxylation of the OHB to obtain 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde by an enzyme having 2-oxo-4-hydroxybutyrate decarboxylase activity, and a third step of reduction of the obtained 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde to obtain PDO with an enzyme having 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde reductase activity and the genes enabling the microorganism for the synthesis of DHB.

The present disclosure provides methods for producing bioproducts from novel genetically altered strains of Aureobasidium pullulans. Methods and materials for the construction of these strains, examination of the bioproducts and analysis and isolation of the bioproducts from genetically altered strains is provided. Genetically altered A. pullulans strains in which one or more genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes are knocked out is detailed and the benefits of using such strains described.

The present invention relates to methods, compositions, and diagnostic tests for treating and diagnosing cancer and other related diseases that result in dysregulation of malic enzyme 2. In particular, the methods and compositions include combination therapy, such as with a combination of two or more ME2 inhibitors or a combination of an ME2 inhibitor and an anticancer agent.

The present disclosure provides, among other features, an enzyme electrode in which an enzyme is immobilized via more appropriate bonds. An enzyme electrode according to the present disclosure includes an electrode and a modified protein having an amino acid sequence obtained by substituting at least one lysine residue in a protein that is a reductase or a dehydrogenase with a non-lysine amino acid residue, in which the modified protein is immobilized on a surface of the electrode.

When lactate dehydrogenase gene and/or malate/lactate dehydrogenase gene is/are introduced into a Hydrogenophilus bacterium as well as one or more of the three lactic acid-utilizing enzyme genes on the genome of the Hydrogenophilus bacterium is/are disrupted, lactic acid-producing ability is remarkably increased. The inventors of the present invention have identified the three lactic acid-utilizing enzyme genes of the Hydrogenophilus bacterium. When lactate permease gene is further introduced into the recombinant, lactic acid-producing ability is further increased. The recombinant of the present invention effectively produces lactic acid using carbon dioxide as a sole carbon source, and therefore, it is able to efficiently produce the material of biodegradable plastics, while solving global warming caused by increased emissions of carbon dioxide.

This disclosure provides methods and genetically engineered strains of Vibrio natriegens, specifically developed for the bio-based production of succinate. Capitalizing on the rapid growth kinetics and highly efficient carbon metabolism of V. natriegens, this disclosure provides an environmentally friendly, scalable, and cost-effective alternative to traditional petrochemical methods for succinate production.

Disclosed is a novel genetically modified microorganism showing improved yields of 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid. The genetically modified microorganism is a microorganism having an ability to produce 3-hydroxyadipic acid and/or -hydromuconic acid, in which the reaction to generate malic acid from oxaloacetic acid is enhanced, and the reaction to generate acetyl-CoA from pyruvic acid is enhanced. In addition, the reaction to generate carbon dioxide from formic acid is enhanced.

A novel technique for improving secretory production of a heterologous protein by coryneform bacteria is provided, and thereby a method for secretory production of a heterologous protein is provided. A coryneform bacterium having an ability of secretory producing a heterologous protein and having been modified so that an activity of a Mdh protein is reduced is cultured to produce the heterologous protein by secretory production.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for the fermentative production of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO), compositions and methods for making methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and methods of inducing drought tolerance in plants.