Provided herein are methods, compositions, and non-naturally occurring microbial organism for preparing compounds such as1-butanol, butyric acid, succinic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1-pentanol, pentanoic acid, glutaric acid, 1,5-pentanediol, 1-hexanol, hexanoic acid, adipic acid, 1,6-hexanediol, 6-hydroxy hexanoic acid, ?-Caprolactone, 6-amino-hexanoic acid, ?-Caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine, linear fatty acids and linear fatty alcohols that are between 7-25 carbons long, linear alkanes and linear ?-alkenes that are between 6-24 carbons long, sebacic acid and dodecanedioic acid comprising: a) converting a C.sub.N aldehyde and pyruvate to a C.sub.N+3 ?-hydroxyketone intermediate through an aldol addition; and b) converting the C.sub.N+3 ?-hydroxyketone intermediate to the compounds through enzymatic steps, or a combination of enzymatic and chemical steps.

It is disclosed here engineered cellulolytic microorganisms capable of producing ethanol from lignocellulosic feedstock with high yield. Multiple genes in Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum that are involved in the pyruvate to ethanol pathway are disclosed which may be transferred into C. thermocellum or other natively cellulolytic microorganisms.

The present invention relates to a process of recovering an alkali metal sulfate, comprising: forming an organic acid fermentation liquid containing an alkali metal salt of organic acid; and adding sulfuric acid to the organic acid fermentation liquid to form and recover an alkali metal sulfate, wherein the alkali metal sulfate has a radioactivity concentration index of 1 or less, and to an alkali metal sulfate crystal comprising a predetermined peak in an X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) and having a radioactivity concentration index of 1 or less.

The present disclosure provides recombinant microorganisms and methods for the production of 4-HMF, 2,4-furandimethanol, furan-2,4-dicarbaldehyde, 4-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid, 2-formylfuran-4-carboxylate, 4-formylfuran-2-carboxylate, and/or 2,4-FDCA from a carbon source. The method provides for engineered microorganisms that express endogenous and/or exogenous nucleic acid molecules that catalyze the conversion of a carbon source into 4-HMF, 2,4-furandimethanol, furan-2,4-dicarbaldehyde, 4-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid, 2-formylfuran-4-carboxylate, 4-formylfuran-2-carboxylate, and/or 2,4-FDCA. The disclosure further provides methods of producing polymers derived from 4-HMF, 2,4-furandimethanol, furan-2,4-dicarbaldehyde, 4-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid, 2-formylfuran-4-carboxylate, 4-formylfuran-2-carboxylate, and/or 2,4-FDCA.

The invention relates to the fields of industrial microbiology and alcohol production. More specifically, the invention relates to improved production of butanol isomers by recombinant microorganisms containing an engineered butanol pathway and disrupted activity of the genes in pathways for the production of by-products during the fermentation when the microorganisms are grown in a fermentation medium containing acetate. In embodiments, recombinant microorganisms have an increased growth rate in a fermentation medium containing acetate as a C2 supplement.

This application describes methods, including non-naturally occurring methods, for biosynthesizing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coA and intermediates thereof, as well as non-naturally occurring hosts for producing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coA. This application also describes methods, including non-naturally occurring methods, for biosynthesizing isoprene and intermediates thereof, as well as non-naturally occurring hosts for producing isoprene.

Provided herein are methods, compositions, and non-naturally occurring microbial organism for preparing compounds such as 1-butanol, butyric acid, succinic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1-pentanol, pentanoic acid, glutaric acid, 1,5-pentanediol, 1-hexanol, hexanoic acid, adipic acid, 1,6-hexanediol, 6-hydroxy hexanoic acid, -Caprolactone, 6-amino-hexanoic acid, -Caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine, linear fatty acids and linear fatty alcohols that are between 7-25 carbons long, linear alkanes and linear -alkenes that are between 6-24 carbons long, sebacic acid and dodecanedioic acid comprising: a) converting a C.sub.N aldehyde and pyruvate to a C.sub.N+3 -hydroxyketone intermediate through an aldol addition; and b) converting the C.sub.N+3-hydroxyketone intermediate to the compounds through enzymatic steps, or a combination of enzymatic and chemical steps.

The present invention provides recombinant Escherichia coli for producing glutarate, a construction method and use thereof. A double-plasmid recombinant bacterium is constructed through molecular biological means for co-expressing an aldehyde synthase (AAS) gene, an amine oxidase Mao (gene) and an aldehyde dehydrogenase (Glox) gene. The constructed expression plasmids are introduced into the Escherichia coli to reconstruct to obtain recombinant cells. A recombination strain for efficiently producing glutarate is obtained through amicillin resistance and kanamycin resistance combined plate screening. Efficient production of the glutarate is achieved by optimizing concentration of a substrate, cell concentration and a transformation temperature. L-lysine with a concentration of 30 g/L may be transformed into 19.65 g of glutarate through reactions for 30 h under transformation conditions that the cell concentration is 30 g/L, the pH value is 8 and 6 mM of NAD.sup.+ is additionally added, wherein a transformation rate may be 65.3%.

The present specification relates to a microorganism into which a GPD gene, a GPP gene, and dhaB, gdrAB, aldH and/or yqhD genes are introduced, and/or use thereof, the microorganism being capable of simultaneously producing 1,3-PDO and 3-HP.