A method is proposed for producing flavonoids, comprising the steps: (a) providing of a transgenic microorganism, containing (i) a first nucleic acid section (A), comprising or consisting of a gene coding for a CYP450 oxidase, (ii) a second nucleic acid section (B), comprising or consisting of a gene coding for a plant O-methyltransferase, and (b) adding of one or more flavanones to the transgenic microorganism, (c) the conversion of the substrate flavanones by the transgenic microorganism to the corresponding flavonoids, and optionally (d) isolating and purifying of the final products.

The disclosure relates to the field of fusion proteins. In some aspects, the disclosure relates to artificial fusion proteins comprising cytochrome P450 enzymes linked to reductase enzymes and uses thereof. In some aspects, the disclosure relates to corn-pounds produced by artificial cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Described in this application are proteins and host cells involved in methods of producing mogrol precursors, mogrol, and/or mogrosides.

The disclosure relates to omega-hydroxylated fatty acid derivatives and methods of producing them. Herein, the disclosure encompasses a novel and environmentally friendly production method that provides omega-hydroxylated fatty acid derivatives at high purity and yield. Further encompassed are recombinant microorganisms that produce omega-hydroxylated fatty acid derivatives through selective fermentation.

Provided is a recombinant microorganism including an exogenous gene encoding a bacterial cytochrome P450 protein or a variant thereof, a composition including the recombinant P450 protein or the variant thereof, which is used for removing CH.sub.nF.sub.4-n (n is an integer of 0 to 3) in a sample, and a method of reducing a concentration of CH.sub.nF.sub.4-n in the sample.

A method of increasing the self-renewal and/or expansion of hematopoietic stem and/or progenitor cells (HSPCs) is described. Inhibiting the activity and/or expression of cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) and/or increasing the expression or activity of Musashi-2 (MSI2) increases the expansion of HSPCs. The HSPCs may be cultured in the presence of a CYP1B1 inhibitor and/or a MSI2 activator. Optionally, the cells may be expanded ex vivo and transplanted into a subject in need thereof.

The present invention relates to genetically modified enzymes obtained by rational design of the active site binding pocket of the prototypic enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase (4HPA3H) for hydroxylating a 4-hydroxyphenyl compound to yield a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl compound and to biotechnological methods including in vivo and in vitro methods using said enzymes or catalytically active fragments thereof. Further provided is a method either using a suitable oxidase or hydroxylase further enabling the subsequent site specific methylation of the 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl compound in a coupled enzymatic reaction by providing a suitable O-methyltransferase. Finally, compositions obtainable by the aforementioned methods are disclosed.

The present invention relates to the identification of a new class of fatty acid decarboxylases and its uses, in particular for producing alkanes/alkenes from fatty acids.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for treating autoimmune, alloimmune, inflammatory, and mitochondrial conditions. Specifically. the disclosure provides a method of treating an alloimmune, autoimmune, inflammatory, or mitochondrial condition in a subject, the method comprising: administering a calcineurin inhibitor and a cytochrome p450 inhibitor, wherein calcineurin inhibitor comprising cyclosporine, tacrolimus, pimecrolimus, or analogs or derivatives thereof. Further disclosed are cytochrome p450 inhibitors that can be used for the method.

Provided herein, among other things, is an engineered non-plant cell that produces a tropane alkaloid product, a precursor of a tropane alkaloid product, or a derivative of a tropane alkaloid product by means of a complement of biosynthetic enzymes and a complement of transporter proteins. A method for producing a tropane alkaloid, a precursor of a tropane alkaloid product, or a derivative of a tropane alkaloid product that makes use of the cell is also described.