Presented herein are oleaginous strains of yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae that have been modified to allow for xylose utilization. Such strains are also modified to allow for higher lipid accumulation utilizing a broad range of sugar monomers such as those released during pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Methods of producing lipids and ethanol using these yeast strains are also disclosed.

The invention provides an isolated genetically modified non-mammalian organism, wherein the activity of acyl-CoA:sterol acyltransferase/sterol O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.26) and/or diacylglycerol acyltransferase/diacylglycerol O-acyltranferase (EC 2.3.1.20) and/or lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase/phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.158) and/or acyl CoA-wax alcohol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.75) is reduced or abolished in comparison with a corresponding wildtype organism, methods of use of such an organism, shuttle vehicles for making such an organism and methods for producing such an organism.

The present invention is related to a novel enzymatic process for production of retinoids via a multi-step process, which process includes the use of heterologous enzymes having activity in a carotene-producing host cell, particularly wherein such process results in high percentage of retinoids, in trans-isoform.

Recombinant DNA constructs comprise plastidic carbonic anhydrase coding sequences operably linked to polynucleotides encoding DGAT or transcription factors such as ODP1. These constructs can be used to increase oil content in plants and seeds to levels that are not achieved with DGAT alone.

Methods of generating plants containing the constructs and for increasing oil content in the seeds of an oilseed plant are also disclosed.

Recombinant DNA techniques are used to produce oleaginous recombinant cells that produce triglyceride oils having desired fatty acid profiles and regiospecific or stereospecific profiles. Genes manipulated include those encoding stearoyl-ACP desturase, delta 12 fatty acid desaturase, acyl-ACP thioesterase, ketoacyl-ACP synthase, and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase. The oil produced can have enhanced oxidative or thermal stability, or can be useful as a frying oil, shortening, roll-in shortening, tempering fat, cocoa butter replacement, as a lubricant, or as a feedstock for various chemical processes. The fatty acid profile can be enriched in midchain profiles or the oil can be enriched in triglycerides of the saturated-unsaturated-saturated type.

The present disclosure relates to microbial hosts and methods for biosynthesis of compositions comprising milk fat triglycerides.

The invention provides a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for producing a human milk lipid substitute. By integrating a heterologous lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase into Saccharomyces cerevisiae and knocking out its own natural lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, the content of palmitic acid (C16:0) at Sn-2 position of triacylglycerol produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is increased, to synthesize a human milk lipid substitute. On this basis, a metabolic pathway related gene is knocked out, to further increase the content of human milk lipid substitute in the product. In the present invention, a human milk lipid substitute is de novo synthesized by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the first time, in which the total fatty acid is 15% or more, and the relative content of C16:0 at Sn-2 position reaches about 60%.

The invention provides lipid bodies isolated from yeast, compositions comprising the lipid bodies, products made from the lipid bodies, methods of making the lipid bodies, and methods of using the lipid bodies. The lipid bodies of the invention have an exceptionally large size and high internal neutral lipid content, providing a number of advantages for a variety of practical applications.

The present embodiments provide methods, compounds, and compositions useful for inhibiting DGAT2 expression, which may be useful for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a disease associated with DGAT2.

The invention provides a method for producing a modified DGAT1 protein, comprising targeted manipulation of at least one motif selected from: a) a motif of the formula selected from RR, RXR, and RXXR, b) a motif of the formula AXXXA, c) a motif of the formula AXXXG, d) a motif of the formula GXXXG, and e) a motif of the formula GXXXA, in the N-terminal region of the protein upstream of the acyl-CoA binding site of a DGAT1 protein, where R is arginine, alanine, G is glycine and X is any amino acid. The modified DGAT1 protein can be expressed in a cell or organism, to increase the production of lipid in the cell or organism. The invention also provides the modified DGAT1 protein, polynucleotides encoding the modified DGAT1 proteins, cells and compositions comprising the polynucleotides or modified DGAT1 proteins, and methods using the modified DGAT1 proteins to produce oil.