The present disclosure relates to genetically engineered methanotrophic bacteria with the capability of growing on a multi-carbon substrate (e.g., glycerol) as a primary or sole carbon source and methods for growing methanotrophic bacteria on the multi-carbon substrate.

The inventions disclosed herein are a method for quantifying cardiolipin in a sample, comprising the steps of: (1) treating the sample with phospholipase D, glycerol kinase, glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, and peroxidase and (2) measuring the fluorescence intensity, absorbance, or luminescence intensity of a compound generated in step (1) to quantify cardiolipin using a calibration curve obtained beforehand; and a kit for quantifying cardiolipin comprising phospholipase D, glycerol kinase, glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, and peroxidase.

Disclosed are methylglyoxal resistant genetically engineered microbial cells for the fermentative production of an oligosaccharide of interest, and methods for fermentative production of an oligosaccharide of interest using the methylglyoxal resistant microbial cells.

The present specification relates to a microorganism into which a GPD gene, a GPP gene, and dhaB, gdrAB, aldH and/or yqhD genes are introduced, and/or use thereof, the microorganism being capable of simultaneously producing 1,3-PDO and 3-HP.