The present disclosure relates to various different types of variants in E. coli coding and noncoding regions leading to enhanced lysine production for, e.g., supplements and nutraceuticals.

Provided herein, in some embodiments, are methods and composition for the production of nucleoside triphosphates and ribonucleic acids.

The present invention relates to the production of hydrolyzates from a lignocellulose-containing material, and to fermentation of the hydrolyzates. More specifically, the present invention relates to the detoxification of phenolic inhibitors and toxins formed during the processing of lignocellulose-containing material by enzymatically sulfating the phenolic inhibitors and toxins using aryl sulfotranseferases.

This disclosure relates to novel amplification compositions and methods, in particular for use in nucleic acid amplification and sequencing, preferably that do not involve reagents that are thermophilic.

Provided herein, in some embodiments, are methods and composition for the production of nucleoside triphosphates and ribonucleic acids.

The invention relates to the identification of antigens, including Mycobacterium sulphate assimilation pathway components such as CysD, for preventing and treating Mycobacterium infection, especially but not exclusively Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; to expression systems including live Mycobacterium for expression of said antigens for prevention and treatment of said infection; and to use of said antigens and expression systems for prevention and treatment of said infection.

The present invention relates to the production of hydrolyzates from a lignocellulose-containing material, and to fermentation of the hydrolyzates. More specifically, the present invention relates to the detoxification of phenolic inhibitors and toxins formed during the processing of lignocellulose-containing material by enzymatically sulfating the phenolic inhibitors and toxins using aryl sulfotranseferases.

The invention relates to the identification of antigens, including Mycobacterium sulphate assimilation pathway components such as CysD, for preventing and treating Mycobacterium infection, especially but not exclusively Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; to expression systems including live Mycobacterium for expression of said antigens for prevention and treatment of said infection; and to use of said antigens and expression systems for prevention and treatment of said infection.

The invention relates to the identification of antigens, including Mycobacterium sulphate assimilation pathway components such as CysD, for preventing and treating Mycobacterium infection, especially but not exclusively Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; to expression systems including live Mycobacterium for expression of said antigens for prevention and treatment of said infection; and to use of said antigens and expression systems for prevention and treatment of said infection.

The invention provides a method for producing sulfated polysaccharides by reacting a PAPS production/regeneration system utilizing the metabolic activity of a microorganism or a treated matter thereof with a microorganism expressing a sulfation enzyme or a treated matter or extract thereof upon mixing of inexpensive raw materials such as magnesium sulfate. The invention also provides a method for producing PAPS from inexpensive raw materials. The methods involve preparing a transformant (a) of a bacterium of the genus Corynebacterium, which contains a gene encoding an ATP sulfurylase and a gene encoding an APS kinase, which are expressible, and in which a cell plasma membrane of the transformant (a) is substance-permeable, or a treated matter of the transformant (a), and conducting a reaction for producing PAPS by using a reaction solution containing ATP or an ATP source, a sulfate ion source, and the transformant (a) or the treated matter thereof.