Provided is a monoclonal antibody or a fragment thereof that selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of vascular endothelial lipase and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same as an active ingredient useful for the treatment of arteriosclerosis or metabolic syndrome.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for the treating a patient with one or more conditions associated with PNPLA3 such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and/or alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Methods and compositions are also provided for modulating the expression of the PNPLA3 gene in a cell by altering gene signaling networks.

Lipase enzymes, methods of making lipase enzymes, methods of using lipase enzymes in food, feed, personal care, detergents, grain processing, pulp and paper processing, biofuels, ethanol production, textiles, dairy processing, cocoa butter processing, cocoa extraction, dietary supplements, coffee processing, coatings, water treatment, and oil processing.

A method for removing a stain from a surface using lipase enzymes, and a formulation comprising a lipase enzyme.

The present embodiments provide methods, compounds, and compositions useful for inhibiting PNPLA3 expression, which may be useful for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a disease associated with PNPLA3.

The present invention relates to a cell therapy method for treating neurodegenerative diseases, which includes administering a therapeutically effective amount of a regulatory T cell to an individual in need thereof. The regulatory T cell may be an amyloid-beta specific regulatory T cell induced by administering amyloid-beta peptide and bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2).

An object of the present invention is to provide a highly versatile, simple and safe method for measuring Lp-PLA.sub.2 activity. Another object of the present invention is to provide an accurate and highly sensitive method for measuring Lp-PLA.sub.2 activity. Provided is a method for measuring lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A.sub.2 (Lp-PLA.sub.2) activity in a sample containing Lp-PLA.sub.2, the method comprising the following steps (A) to (C): (A) converting PAFs into lyso-PAFs by reacting the PAFs with the Lp-PLA.sub.2 in the sample; (B) hydrolyzing the lyso-PAFs produced in the step (A) with an enzyme (lyso-PAF-PLD) to obtain hydrolysate; and (C) measuring Lp-PLA.sub.2 activity in the sample by utilizing a quantitative change attributable to the hydrolysate obtained in step (B) as an indicator.

The invention discloses a high-secretion heat-resistant yeast genetically engineered strain and application thereof, belonging to the field of biotechnology. Mutagenesis and domestication are performed to obtain the yeast genetically engineered strain capable of expressing a lipase gene at a high secretion level at high temperature. The strain is collected by China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), and the collection number is CCTCC NO: M 2016278. The sequencing analysis shows that the lipase gene and promoter sequence thereof are not mutated, which indicates that the high-secretion expression of the lipase gene by the mutant strain is caused by mutation of other gene sequences in the genome. By knocking out the lipase gene in homologous double-crossover way, the constructed knockout strain can be used as an expression host of other exogenous proteins, can be used for enhancing the expression level of other exogenous genes, and can be subjected to fermentation under high-temperature fermentation conditions.

The present invention relates to a lipase variant of a parent lipase, which variant has lipase activity, at least 75% but less than 100% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 3 and comprises a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 17; 18; 29; 30; 33; 34; 36; 37; 38; 40; 41; 43; 44; 45; 46; 47; 49; 50; 51; 52; 54; 55; 57; 58; 59; 60; 69; 70; 71; 72; 81; 82; 85; 86; 87; 89; 90; 91; 92; 94; 95; 96; 97; 99; 100; 101; 102; 103; 105; 108; 111; 115; 116; 118; 119; 120; 122; 123; 124; 126; 127; 128; 129; 130; 131; 132; 133; 134; 136; 144; 152; 155; 157; 158; 159; 161; 162; 163; 177; 178; 181; 182; 184; 185; 187; 189; 191; 196; 197; 199; 203; 205; 206; 207; 208; 209; 211; 215; 220; 221; 222; 223; 224; 226; 229; 230; 232; 235; 236; 240; 242; 243; 244; 247; 248; 252; 254; 255; 257; 260; 261; 262 of SEQ ID NO: 3. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

The present disclosure concerns recombinant yeast host cells having a first genetic modification to express a heterologous polypeptide or to over-express a native polypeptide. The recombinant yeast host cells also have a second genetic modification to at least partially mitigate the reduction in growth rate resulting from the expression of the heterologous polypeptide or the over-expression of the native polypeptide. The second genetic modification can be, for example, to favor the secretion of the heterologous or native polypeptide.