A new and distinctive variety of Malus domestica apple tree named ‘MD-TAP1’ is distinguished by its attractive tree architecture, reduced need for hand pruning and training, and fruit which is harvested six weeks earlier than its seed parent.

The present disclosure provides a genomics-assisted prediction method for apple fruit quality traits and disease resistance and use thereof, and belongs to the technical field of plant genetics, genomics and breeding. The method is achieved by molecular markers. There are a total of 319 molecular markers, including 318 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and 1 InDel marker; and the molecular markers are associated with 16 traits of the Malus genus, including fruit ripening date, fruit shape, fruit cover color degree, fruit weight, soluble solid content, fruit juice pH value, malate content, chlorogenate content, procyanidin B2 content, flesh firmness at harvest, flesh crispness at harvest, flesh firmness retainability, flesh crispness retainability, fruit ring rot disease resistance, Glomerella leaf blotch resistance, and spur tree architecture. The molecular markers of the present disclosure can be used for apple germplasm resource evaluation and breeding, and can greatly improve apple breeding efficiency and shorten breeding cycle.

A new and distinct variety of apple tree rootstock Malus hybrid ‘G.484’ is described herein. The new variety is a dwarfing, precocious and productive rootstock that is resistant to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) and crown rot (Phytophthora cactorum). The ‘G.484’ rootstock is useful in that it can be propagated clonally and used as a rootstock or root system for apple trees as well as for interstems of apple trees.

‘R204’ is a new apple tree notable for its fruit, which exhibits attractive red and pale yellow-orange flesh, stores well and is well-suited for the fresh market.

A new and distinct apple tree named ‘PremA025’, notable for its resistance to apple scab and for its fruit, which has an attractive red skin color, excellent texture and sweet rich flavor.

‘Canopy’ is a new apple tree notable for its attractive yellow-green fruit, which stores well and is well-suited for the fresh market.

A new and distinct Malus domestica Borkh. apple tree named ‘GALA BIGBUCKS’, particularly characterized by its dark-red overcolor on 90-100% of fruit skin surface; foliage with distinct red midrib at harvest time; red/purple fruit stem; and intense red flower filament base.

‘Luiza’ apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh) is a new variety selected for its low chilling requirement, resistance to Gala leaf spot disease, high fruit quality, and early fruit maturity.

‘Venice’ apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh) is a new variety selected for its low chilling requirement, resistance to Gala leaf spot disease and partial horizontal resistance to apple scab, high fruit quality, and excellent storageability.

Provided is a novel plant body comprising a plant tissue of a plant belonging to the family Solanaceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, or Orobanchaceae, wherein graft incompatibility is avoided or suppressed by using a graft medium between different-family plants.