A method for filtering a dairy product is used in a filter system that includes at least one pump loop having a pump and a filter, with the pump being arranged to feed a feed product to the filter for filtering the feed product and outputting a permeate product and a retentate product. The method includes supplying the feed product to the pump at a feed pressure, during a first operational mode in which the feed pressure is below a first predefined threshold, controlling the pump to operate at a first power that is within a first percentage range of a maximum rated power of the pump, and during a second operational mode in which the feed pressure is above the first predefined threshold, controlling the pump to operate within a second percentage range of the maximum rated power which is higher than the first percentage range.

A concentration method and equipment. The concentration method includes the step of performing reverse osmosis concentration processing on raw milk by using a reverse osmosis membrane. The reverse osmosis concentration processing includes low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane concentration processing and high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane concentration processing, wherein in the low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane concentration processing, reverse osmosis concentration processing is performed on feeding materials by using a first predetermined pressure, and in the high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane concentration processing, the reverse osmosis concentration processing is performed on the feeding materials by using a second predetermined pressure, the first predetermined pressure being lower than the second predetermined pressure. The concentration equipment includes a temporary storage unit, a homogenizing unit, and a particular concentration unit.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing cream cheese using a specific combination of milk and milk fractions. It further relates to cream cheese which is characterized by a unique combination of levels of minerals, lactose and protein and which may be obtained by the process of the present disclosure.

A process for preparing lactose-free skimmed, partially skimmed and whole milk is proposed in which: (1) the milk is pasteurized and skimmed; (2) the skimmed milk is hydrolyzed enzymatically by a lactase; (3) the hydrolyzed skimmed milk is microfiltrated to obtain an ultrafiltration retentate (RMF) and a microfiltration permeate (PMF); (4) the PMF is ultrafiltrated and an ultrafiltration retentate (RUF) and an ultrafiltration permeate (PUF) are obtained, 5) the PUF is nanofiltrated and a first nanofiltration retentate (RNF1) and a first nanofiltration permeate (PNF1) are obtained, 6) the PNF1 is nanofiltrated to obtain a second nanofiltration retentate (RNF2) and a second nanofiltration permeate (PNF2), and 7) final step: lactose-free milk is obtained by mixing one or more of the fractions deriving from one or more of the previous steps.

The present invention relates to a method of inactivation of plasmin enzyme in a milk-based product, wherein casein and whey protein are separated from a milk raw material by microfiltration to provide a casein concentrate as a microfiltration retentate having a whey protein content of less than 20 wt. %, based on the total protein content of the concentrate, and a whey protein concentrate as a microfiltration permeate; the casein concentrate is subjected to a thermal treatment at a temperature in the range of about 72° C. to about 95° C. to provide a thermally treated casein concentrate; and a milk-based product with a reduced plasmin activity comprising the thermally treated casein concentrate is provided. The milk-based products prepared by the method retain flawless organoleptic properties at different storage temperatures even under prolonged storage periods.

A method for concentrating a substance in a milk product, the method including the steps of: feeding the milk product from a tank to a filtering device, filtering the milk product into a permeate and a retentate: such that the substance is concentrated in the retentate, circulating a first part of the retentate over the filtering device, feeding a second part of the retentate to the tank, repeating the circulations to thereby gradually increase a concentration of the substance in the milk product, and stopping the repeating when the concentration of the substance in the milk product has reached a predetermined value.

Disclosed are membrane separation cleaning processes and clean in place compositions for such membranes. The cleaning compositions can remove proteins, fats, and other food, beverage, and brewery based soils and offer an environmentally friendly alternative surfactant system to NPE. Branched extended chain PO/EO nonionic surfactants with certain characteristics may be used to provide superior cleaning to membranes. The specific surfactants may be used alone or in combination. In some embodiments, the surfactant package is used as part of a cleaning composition.

Concentrating nutrients in breast milk may be achieved using an apparatus comprising a first sheet of material comprising a forward osmotic membrane, a second sheet of material sealed to the first sheet of material about a common outer perimeter thereof, the first sheet of material arranged so that water can traverse the forward osmotic membrane to an interior of the first and second sheets, and a dry carbohydrate within the interior of the first and second sheets exhibiting an osmotic draw property to draw water from un-concentrated, expressed human milk to form concentrated human milk. After a predetermined time, or upon the milk remaining after drawing of water through the membrane being a desired amount, the water draw can end.

Disclosed are membrane separation cleaning processes and clean in place compositions for such membranes. The cleaning compositions can remove proteins, fats, and other food, beverage, and brewery based soils and offer an environmentally friendly alternative surfactant system to NPE. Branched extended chain PO/EO nonionic surfactants with certain characteristics may be used to provide superior cleaning to membranes. The specific surfactants may be used alone or in combination. In some embodiments, the surfactant package is used as part of a cleaning composition.

Durable asymmetric composite membranes consisting essentially of a film of cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) adhered to a sheet of hydrophilicitized microporous poly(ethylene) are disclosed. The membranes have application in the recovery of water from feed streams where the ability to clean in situ is desirable, for example in dairy processing. Methods of preparing cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) suitable for use as the rejection layer and hydrophilicitized sheets of microporous poly(ethylene) suitable for use as the support layer of such membranes are also disclosed.