A relaxation formulation structured to induce a deep state of relaxation in a person comprises amounts of tryptophan, melatonin, vitamin B3, and vitamin B6. Another relaxation formulation also includes an amount of tyrosine, and yet another formulation includes an amount of vitamin B12. At least one embodiment of a relaxation formula comprises a physiologically effective amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid (“GABA”). A delivery system is provided to facilitate administration of the relaxation formulation to a person. The delivery system may include an edible high carbohydrate matrix, such as a chocolate brownie. Alternatively, the delivery system may comprise an inert vaporizable compound to allow the components of the relaxation formulation to be inhaled directly into the lungs of a person. Other delivery systems include an aqueous sublingual spray and a beverage.

A relaxation formulation structured to induce a deep state of relaxation in a person comprises amounts of tryptophan, melatonin, vitamin B3, and vitamin B6. Another relaxation formulation also includes an amount of tyrosine, and yet another formulation includes an amount of vitamin B12. At least one embodiment of a relaxation formula comprises a physiologically effective amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid (“GABA”). A delivery system is provided to facilitate administration of the relaxation formulation to a person. The delivery system may include an edible high carbohydrate matrix, such as a chocolate brownie. Alternatively, the delivery system may comprise an inert vaporizable compound to allow the components of the relaxation formulation to be inhaled directly into the lungs of a person. Other delivery systems include an aqueous sublingual spray and a beverage.

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.

A method for ameliorating a disease caused by nitration of tyrosine in protein includes administering a composition comprising tyrosine or a salt thereof to a subject in need thereof. Tyrosine as effective component of the present invention not only can enhance the activity of glutamine synthetase having reduced activity and but also has an effect of restoring the amount (i.e., ratio) of glutamine and glutamic acid in brain and the amount of ammonia to normal level, an effect of enhancing the insulin sensitivity in a model of type 2 diabetes, an effect of suppressing the excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in a model of epileptic seizure, an effect of reducing cerebral infarction and enhancing the activity of GS in a model of brain stroke, an effect of eliminating the nitration of tyrosine using human recombinant MnSOD, and an effect for acute renal failure and hyperammonemia.

An energy composition includes a methylated xanthine, a choline derivative, and at least one flavorant in a sufficient amount to render the energy composition palatable. The energy composition may also include vitamins, amino acids, preservatives, and the like.

An energy composition includes a methylated xanthine, a choline derivative, and at least one flavorant in a sufficient amount to render the energy composition palatable. The energy composition may also include vitamins, amino acids, preservatives, and the like.

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.