A sensor apparatus may include a channel structure configured to couple with an external element and a fluid conduit, such that the channel structure may receive a fluid, at least partially drawn through the external element from an ambient environment, and direct the fluid through the fluid conduit. A sensor may generate sensor data indicating a flow rate of the fluid through the fluid conduit based on monitoring a variation in a pressure at a location in hydrodynamic contact with the fluid conduit and in relation to an ambient pressure of the ambient environment. The sensor apparatus may enable generation of improved topography information associated with flows of fluid drawn from the external element based on measuring a local pressure at the location in hydrodynamic contact with the fluid conduit and determining the ambient pressure based on monitoring the local pressure over time.

The present disclosure provides a method for assessing hot coal fallout propensity of burning cigarettes based on human behavior features of ash-tapping action. The method is characterized in that the method is accomplished through an apparatus for detecting hot coal fallout propensity based on human behavior features of ash-tapping action, which include behavior features of human action of tapping cigarette ash, features of holding a cigarette, and features of force applying process and other aspects. This method can provide objective and accurate test basis for evaluation of cigarette fallout performance.

A sensor apparatus may include a conduit structure including an inner surface defining a conduit extending through an interior of the conduit structure, an inlet structure coupled to an end of the conduit structure, and a plurality of sensor devices in hydrodynamic contact with the conduit. The inlet structure may couple with an outlet end of an external tobacco element to hold the outlet end of the external tobacco element in fluid communication with an inlet opening of the conduit structure, such that the conduit structure may receive a generated aerosol from the external tobacco element at the inlet opening, and draw an instance of aerosol through the conduit towards an outlet opening. The instance of aerosol may include at least a portion of the generated aerosol. Each sensor device may generate sensor data indicating a pressure of the instance of aerosol through a separate portion of the conduit.

A sensory evaluation method for spectral data of mainstream smoke includes: performing a data enhancement on spectral data of mainstream smoke of a plurality of cigarettes; extracting a shallow spectral characteristic from the spectral data of the mainstream smoke of each cigarette; obtaining a shallow sensory quality result of the spectral data of the mainstream smoke of each cigarette based on the spectral data of the mainstream smoke of each cigarette and the shallow spectral characteristic; extracting deep spatial characteristics from the spectral data of the mainstream smoke of each cigarette; obtaining a deep sensory quality result based on the spectral data of the mainstream smoke of each cigarette and the deep spatial characteristics; obtaining a comprehensive sensory quality result according to the shallow sensory quality result and the deep sensory quality result. The sensory evaluation method achieves accurate screening of unknowns in the mainstream smoke.

The techniques disclosed in the present specification relate to devices, systems, and methods using the same that generate cigarette smoke and then separate and collect substances of the cigarette smoke generated into particulate and gaseous substances for the preparation of a whole cigarette smoke condensate, which may comprise: a cigarette mount on which one or more cigarettes are mounted; an automatic ignition device for igniting the one or more cigarettes; a cigarette smoke collection unit for collecting substances of cigarette smoke generated from the ignited one or more cigarettes; one or more cigarette smoke intake lines configured to suck the cigarette smoke; one or more cigarette smoke exhaust lines configured to discharge the cigarette smoke; and one or more collection unit connecting lines connected to the cigarette smoke collection unit.

A robotic arm includes a base, a first robotic arm, a second robotic arm, a robotic hand and a cigarette holder connected in sequence. The cigarette holder includes a cigarette insertion hole and a cigarette smoking tube. The cigarette smoking tube is connected to a smoking simulator. The robotic arm further includes at least one air exhausting hole. The air exhausting hole is located around the cigarette holder and communicated with an air exhauster through an air exhausting pipe. The robotic arm swings to control the cigarette holder to carry a cigarette from a smoking position to an ash flicking position. Airflow is formed near the air exhausting hole by means of air exhaustion, so as to simulate influences of a wind speed in an outdoor environment on the columnar ash in the cigarette smoking process of the human body.

The present disclosure provides a method for assessing hot coal fallout propensity of burning cigarettes based on human behavior features of ash-flicking action. The method is characterized in that the method is accomplished through an apparatus for detecting hot coal fallout propensity based on human behavior features of ash-flicking action, which include behavior features of human action of flicking cigarette ash, features of holding a cigarette, and features of force applying process and other aspects. This method can provide objective and accurate test basis for evaluation of cigarette fallout performance.

A smoking path simulation system includes a case, the robotic arm fixedly provided in the case and a cigarette holder mounted at a working end of the robotic arm, and further includes a feeding device, a cigarette tapping device and a cigarette lighting device provided in the case and located at a periphery of the robotic arm, as well as an image acquisition device mounted at the working end of the robotic arm. With the smoking path simulation system, an action path of smoking a cigarette by a consumer may be simulated, and consistency of the simulated action paths may be guaranteed, thus effectively improving precision of test of indexes of a cigarette-combustion performance, such as cigarette-combustion ash integration characteristics, or the like.

The techniques disclosed in the present specification relate to devices, systems, and methods using the same that generate cigarette smoke and then separate and collect substances of the cigarette smoke generated into particulate and gaseous substances for the preparation of a whole cigarette smoke condensate, which may comprise: a cigarette mount on which one or more cigarettes are mounted; an automatic ignition device for igniting the one or more cigarettes; a cigarette smoke collection unit for collecting substances of cigarette smoke generated from the ignited one or more cigarettes; one or more cigarette smoke intake lines configured to suck the cigarette smoke; one or more cigarette smoke exhaust lines configured to discharge the cigarette smoke; and one or more collection unit connecting lines connected to the cigarette smoke collection unit.

A sensor apparatus may include a conduit structure including an inner surface defining a conduit extending through an interior of the conduit structure, an inlet structure coupled to an end of the conduit structure, and a plurality of sensor devices in hydrodynamic contact with the conduit. The inlet structure may couple with an outlet end of an external tobacco element to hold the outlet end of the external tobacco element in fluid communication with an inlet opening of the conduit structure, such that the conduit structure may receive a generated aerosol from the external tobacco element at the inlet opening, and draw an instance of aerosol through the conduit towards an outlet opening. The instance of aerosol may include at least a portion of the generated aerosol. Each sensor device may generate sensor data indicating a pressure of the instance of aerosol through a separate portion of the conduit.