A manual oral care implement comprises a handle, a connector and a head, the head being repeatedly attachable to and detachable from the handle via the connector. The handle has a distal end and a proximal end opposite to the distal end and adjacent to the head when the head is attached to the handle. The proximal end has an upper surface that is at least partially chamfered. The handle has a longitudinal axis and a cross-sectional area extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The chamfered surface and the cross-sectional area define therebetween an angle α from about 15° to about 30°.

An aqueous solution for intraoral cleaning via irradiation with ultraviolet ray and/or near-ultraviolet visible ray and/or ray in an 800-900 nm near-infrared region is employed as the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, wherein a concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 1 w/v % to 7 w/v %, and a concentration of a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer is 81 ppm (mg/L) or less in the aqueous solution.

A method (500) for localizing gingival inflammation using an oral care device (10), the method comprising: (i) emitting (520) light at a first intensity by a light emitter (42); (ii) obtaining (530) first reflectance measurements reflectance data; (iii) determining (540), by a controller (30) from the first reflectance data, whether the location comprises gingiva; (iv) automatically adjusting (550), based at least in part on the first reflectance data, the intensity of a light emitter to a second intensity different from the first intensity, and/or automatically adjusting (550) a gain of a light detector; (v) obtaining (560) a second plurality of reflectance measurements by the light detector of the oral care device for at least some of the locations; and (vi) determining (570), using the second plurality of reflectance measurements, whether gingiva at the location is inflamed.

An aqueous solution for intraoral cleaning via irradiation with ultraviolet ray and/or near-ultraviolet visible ray and/or ray in an 800-900 nm near-infrared region is employed as the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, wherein a concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 1 w/v % to 7 w/v %, and a concentration of a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer is 81 ppm (mg/L) or less in the aqueous solution.

End effectors and systems including end effectors including embedded batteries and auxiliary components powered by the batteries are described. In an example, the end effector includes a base portion coupleable to a motor carried by an appliance that is separate from the end effector; and a battery disposed in the base portion configured to power an auxiliary component of the end effector.

Systems, devices, and methods for in situ diagnostic assessment and formula dispensing are described. A diagnostic formula applicator can include a fluid dispensing assembly coupled with a comb having a plurality of tines. A tine of the plurality of tines can be configured to dispense a fluid formula to a region of a biological surface via at least one fluid conduit. The diagnostic formula applicator can include hair diagnostic circuitry operably coupled to the fluid dispensing assembly. The diagnostic circuitry can be configured to actuate the fluid dispensing assembly to deliver the fluid formula via the at least one fluid conduit, responsive to determining a user-specific hair cosmetic aspect from hair and scalp sensor information.

An oral cleaning and/or treatment device includes electrodes for emitting RF energy for providing an oral cleaning and/or treatment function. The device includes a cleaning unit for receipt in an oral cavity which includes at least a first and second protruding member, which protrude in a same general direction away from abase or support structure. Each member comprises one or more electrodes or conductive elements for emitting RF energy. The device generates an RF field in a space between and around the electrodes by driving the electrodes with an RF signal generator. The device includes means, either mechanical or electrical, for varying a generated RF field pattern (e.g. spatial intensity distribution) between different settings. The device is in particular configurable in at least two modes or settings, each associated with a different respective field pattern or spatial intensity distribution. This is valuable for adapting the cleaning functionality to different required purposes.

An optical analysis of saliva or a fluid-saliva mixture is performed in order to check whether the saliva or fluid-saliva mixture contains blood, which allows for determining whether or not a person may suffer from gingivitis or another condition affecting gum health. Light received from a representative volume of fluid (23) containing saliva is detected and analyzed. The analysis involves determination of at least one measurement value of light received by a light-receiving unit (25) for only a single wavelength of the light, particularly a wavelength that is associated with high absorption by a constituent of blood. It this respect, it is practical if the light-receiving unit (25) is configured to receive reflected light back from the volume of fluid (23). The optical analysis may be performed real-time during an action in a person's mouth involving a gum agitation effect, or after such action has taken place, for example.

The invention provides for an oral treatment unit, or an assembly of a plurality of oral treatment units, for confining an electromagnetic field having a frequency in the range of 100 kHz to 300 MHz and adapted to be inserted into an oral cavity, which may form part of an oral cleaning device in combination with a base unit, including a first cleaning element coupled to the oral treatment unit. The oral treatment unit further includes a material structure coupled to the oral treatment unit adapted to receive an initial electromagnetic field and output a focused electromagnetic field, wherein the material structure has a passive electromagnetic field focusing function, which focuses the received initial electromagnetic field in the near-field region of the material structure. A further aspect of the invention provides for an oral treatment unit, or an assembly of a plurality of oral treatment units, for confining and modulating an electromagnetic field having a frequency in the range of 1 MHz to 300 GHz and adapted to be inserted into the mouth, which may form part of an oral cleaning device in combination with a base unit, including a first cleaning element coupled to the oral treatment unit. The oral treatment unit further comprises an electromagnetic field focusing element adapted to receive an electromagnetic field having an initial frequency and output a focused electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field focusing element comprises a first material structure having a first passive electromagnetic field focusing function, which confines the modulated electromagnetic field at a given distance from the first material structure by performing one or more of: an attenuation rate control function in the near-field region of the first material structure; or a propagation direction modification function on the electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field focusing element has a modulation function that modulates the confined electromagnetic field, thereby generating a modulated electromagnetic field.

The present invention relates to an electrochemical device for releasing ions, comprising an electrical circuit comprising a first electrode and a second electrode adapted for providing a galvanic cell when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid constituting an electrolyte, and a boost converter adapted for amplifying a potential generated between the first and the second electrode. The electrical circuit further comprises a third electrode connected with an output side of the boost converter, wherein the second and the third electrode constitutes an electrolytic cell powered by the galvanic cell when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid. The present invention further relates to devices, such as a toothbrush or a shaver, adapted for being used in connection with a fluid, comprising such electrochemical device for releasing ions.