An ultrasonic system includes an ultrasonic device having an ultrasonic transducer, and a core wire having a proximal end coupled to the ultrasonic transducer and a distal end portion that terminates at a distal tip. An ultrasonic energy source is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic energy source includes an ultrasonic signal generator circuit, a modulator circuit, and a controller. The ultrasonic signal generator circuit generates an ultrasonic electrical signal. The modulator circuit amplitude modulates the ultrasonic electrical signal with a macro-motion electrical signal to generate a modulated ultrasonic electrical signal. The controller executes program instructions to select between an engagement mode and a transverse mode, wherein in the engagement mode the first ultrasonic electrical signal is supplied from the ultrasonic energy source to the ultrasonic transducer and in the transverse mode the modulated ultrasonic electrical signal is supplied from the ultrasonic energy source to the ultrasonic transducer.

Methods and systems for tuning lithotripsy frequency to target size are disclosed. In one embodiment, a lithotripsy system for comminuting a stone in a body includes: a burst wave lithotripsy (BWL) therapy transducer configured to transmit smooth ultrasound waves within a burst of ultrasound waves toward the stone; and a controller configured to determine operating frequency of the ultrasound waves of the therapy transducer. The operating frequency of the ultrasound waves is determined as:

[00001]$f=\mathrm{Const}.\frac{c}{d}$ where: d is a diameter of the stone, f is the frequency of the ultrasound waves, c is a wave speed in the stone, and Const. is a predetermined constant.

A method of controlling the temperature of an ultrasonic blade includes applying a power level to an ultrasonic transducer to achieve a desired temperature at an ultrasonic blade coupled to the transducer via an ultrasonic waveguide, inferring a temperature of the blade based on a voltage V.sub.g(t) signal and a current I.sub.g(t) signal applied to the transducer, comparing the inferred temperature of the blade to a predetermined temperature; and adjusting the power level to the transducer based on the comparison. In some aspects, the method includes measuring a phase angle φ between the voltage V.sub.g(t) and the current I.sub.g(t) and inferring the temperature of the blade from the phase angle φ. In some aspects, the method includes measuring an impedance Z.sub.g(t) equal to a ratio of the voltage V.sub.g(t) to the current I.sub.g(t) and inferring the temperature of the blade from the impedance Z.sub.g(t).

An ultrasonic device may include an electromechanical ultrasonic system that includes an ultrasonic transducer coupled to an ultrasonic blade. A method of delivering energy to the ultrasonic device may include sensing a vessel type in contact with the blade, determining that the vessel type is either a vein or an artery, and delivering power to the transducer based on the vessel type. Power may be applied to the transducer at a power level P that differs from a nominal power level Pn for a period T that differs from a nominal period Tn based on the vessel. The power level P may be lower than Pn for a period T that is longer than Tn when the vessel is a vein. Alternatively, the power level P my be greater than Pn for a period T that is shorter than Tn when the vessel is an artery.

A generator, ultrasonic device, and method for controlling a temperature of an ultrasonic blade are disclosed. A control circuit coupled to a memory determines an actual resonant frequency of an ultrasonic electromechanical system comprising an ultrasonic transducer coupled to an ultrasonic blade by an ultrasonic waveguide. The actual resonant frequency is correlated to an actual temperature of the ultrasonic blade. The control circuit retrieves from the memory a reference resonant frequency of the ultrasonic electromechanical system. The reference resonant frequency is correlated to a reference temperature of the ultrasonic blade. The control circuit then infers the temperature of the ultrasonic blade based on the difference between the actual resonant frequency and the reference resonant frequency. The control circuit controls the temperature of the ultrasonic blade based on the inferred temperature

Pressure regulations allow for example, tension control on spring valves to regulate cycling behavior for aspiration catheter systems. Unique brain access and procedures are driven by the improved cycling patterns and managed periodic frequencies.

A systemic human repair and enhancement system that provides stem cell therapy utilizing an apparatus and methods for administering a treatment schedule of non-invasive and drug-free narrow and specific 0.6180 Hz frequency continuous sine wave therapy to the patient's cells. The frequency therapy may be in-vivo and in-vitro applications. The frequency therapy stimulates systemic stem cell production, particularly at a tissue sites having loss of function due to a condition, aging, damage, and or disease. The frequency therapy system encompasses a narrow and specific ultra-low continuous sine wave frequency stimulation therapy that produces one or more of the enhanced cell production, release, viability, proliferation, migration and or engraftment of the human patient's own genetically compatible stem cells, and the therapy enhances the stem cell's secretions thereby safely enhancing the secretion's therapeutic effects during stem cell therapy and simultaneously systemically enhancing the patient's pre-existing cells and tissues.

A tracker, a surgical navigation system with the tracker, and a method of operating the tracker are described. The tracker comprises a first switch configured to be operated between a first switch configuration and a second switch configuration. The tracker also comprises one or more sources of electromagnetic radiation configured to selectively emit electromagnetic radiation with a first radiation characteristic or a second radiation characteristic. The tracker further comprises electrical circuitry configured to selectively control the one or more sources of electromagnetic radiation to emit electromagnetic radiation having the first radiation characteristic in the first switch configuration and to emit electromagnetic radiation having the second radiation characteristic in the second switch configuration, wherein the second radiation characteristic is different from the first radiation characteristic.

The present invention relates to methods, devices and systems for performing the removal of thrombus from a vessel lumen. More particularly the present invention relates to a thrombectomy system that includes an elongate catheter and a disposable aspiration pump and methods of performing medical procedures to remove clots, thrombus and emboli to re-establish the normal intravascular flow of blood.

The present invention relates to methods, devices and systems for performing the removal of thrombus from a vessel lumen. More particularly the present invention relates to a thrombectomy system that includes an elongate catheter and a disposable aspiration pump and methods of performing medical procedures to remove clots, thrombus and emboli to re-establish the normal intravascular flow of blood.