Provided herein is a corneal topography system that utilizes a prism placed in optical alignment between the pattern image generator, such as a Placido disk, and the eye. The corneal topography system may be a prismatic triangulating corneal topography system that utilizes light rays of angle θ at the edge of the prism not passing through the prism, light rays that deviate from angle θ passing through the prism and light rays of angle a calculated from the reflection image to determine the corneal reflection point on the corneal surface. Also provided is a method for mapping a corneal surface of an eye of a subject utilizing an optical prism to produce a reflection image from a corneal surface reflection point on the corneal surface of the eye.

A method performed by a multispectral or hyperspectral meibomian gland imaging device is disclosed, which comprises directing light having visible and infrared spectra from a broadband illuminator toward an everted eyelid; forming images of the everted eyelid using an imaging system; recording the images using a detection system, which separates the images into spectral channels, which include at least one visible spectral channel and at least one infrared spectral channel; displaying the recorded images to adjust the position of the subject to optimize image quality; digitally processing the recorded images to obtain spatial and spectral information; evaluating the health of at least one meibomian gland of the eyelid by analyzing the information. Also disclosed is a multispectral or hyperspectral meibomian gland imaging device, comprising a broadband illuminator directing light that covers visible and infrared spectra; an imaging system, and a detection system.

A device and a method for determining an ocular aberration of at least one eye of a user are disclosed. The device contains a wavefront sensing unit for measuring at least one optical wavefront with at least one light beam, from which an ocular aberration of the at least one eye of the user is determined. The device further contains at least one diffractive element for generating multiple diffraction orders in the light beam in two meridians in a manner that the multiple diffraction orders are spatially separated on the wavefront sensing unit and in the eye of the user. The device and the method allow generating an ocular defocus map in a one-shot assessment in real-time, especially by employing an automated measurement of the ocular aberrations with regard to different eccentricities of the eye of the user in two meridians.

System for combined intraoperative aberrometry and optical coherence tomography (OCT). In an embodiment, the system comprises an OCT system, an aberrometer, a beam delivery system, and a beam splitter. The beam delivery system is configured to output a beam towards a target, wherein the beam has an outward path to the target and a return path after being reflected by the target. The beam splitter is positioned in the return path of the beam and configured to split the return path into a first path to the OCT system and a second path to the aberrometer. Thus, the OCT system and aberrometer can share a single beam delivery system.

Performance of enhanced visually directed procedures under low ambient lighting conditions. A computer readable medium storing a set of computer instructions for performing an enhanced visually directed procedure under low ambient visible light on a patient's eye. The computer instructions include: acquiring at least one real-time high resolution video signal representing at least one view of the eye in at least one wavelength of light outside of the wavelengths of visible light. The computer instructions include converting the at least one view is converted corresponding to the at least one real-time high resolution video signal at the at least one wavelength of light outside of the wavelengths of visible light into at least one wavelength of visible light. The at least one high resolution photosensor is acquired after light conditions are low enough such that a pupil of the eye does not constrict substantially from its maximum pupillary diameter.

A waveguide apparatus includes a planar waveguide and at least one optical diffraction element (DOE) that provides a plurality of optical paths between an exterior and interior of the planar waveguide. A phase profile of the DOE may combine a linear diffraction grating with a circular lens, to shape a wave front and produce beams with desired focus. Waveguide apparati may be assembled to create multiple focal planes. The DOE may have a low diffraction efficiency, and planar waveguides may be transparent when viewed normally, allowing passage of light from an ambient environment (e.g., real world) useful in AR systems. Light may be returned for temporally sequentially passes through the planar waveguide. The DOE(s) may be fixed or may have dynamically adjustable characteristics. An optical coupler system may couple images to the waveguide apparatus from a projector, for instance a biaxially scanning cantilevered optical fiber tip.

A waveguide apparatus includes a planar waveguide and at least one optical diffraction element (DOE) that provides a plurality of optical paths between an exterior and interior of the planar waveguide. A phase profile of the DOE may combine a linear diffraction grating with a circular lens, to shape a wave front and produce beams with desired focus. Waveguide apparati may be assembled to create multiple focal planes. The DOE may have a low diffraction efficiency, and planar waveguides may be transparent when viewed normally, allowing passage of light from an ambient environment (e.g., real world) useful in AR systems. Light may be returned for temporally sequentially passes through the planar waveguide. The DOE(s) may be fixed or may have dynamically adjustable characteristics. An optical coupler system may couple images to the waveguide apparatus from a projector, for instance a biaxially scanning cantilevered optical fiber tip.

A subjective and objective integrated precise optometry device, and an optometry method are provided. The device has a left eye optical path and a right eye optical path. Each of the single eye optical paths comprises a human eye refraction objective measurement subsystem, a human eye refraction correction subsystem, an eyeball positioning subsystem, and a subjective visual function testing subsystem. The device has functions such as objective measurement for monocular and binocular refraction, continuous subjective optometry, interpupillary distance measurement, and monocular and binocular visual function measurement (comprising, but not limited to, vision and stereopsis), and can implement subjective and objective integrated precise monocular and binocular optometry. Additionally, the device has such functions as rapid measurement and screening of human eye refraction, and preliminary screening of human eye diseases (except for ametropia), and can be used for optometry, ophthalmological clinical triage, population ametropia screening and monitoring, etc.

An apparatus and method: project a plurality of light spots onto a cornea of an eye having a tear film disposed thereon, wherein the light spots are broadband light spots or are narrowband light spots whose bandwidth is tuned in time across a broad bandwidth; image the light spots from the cornea onto at least one two-dimensional detector array; spectrally resolve each of the plurality of imaged light spots; perform interferometry on the spectrally resolved imaged light spots to identify an anterior interface and a posterior interface of the tear film of the eye; and determine a thickness of the tear film as a distance between the anterior interface and the posterior interface.

Methods and apparatus for producing images of the retina or fundus with improved quality and visualization of its features. This is accomplished by adjustment of specific pupil size, pupil position, detector pinhole size and wavelength parameters of the instrument to give improved image quality as described by a chosen image quality metric. Methods are less complex than adaptive optics and give an improved image in a region of interest and potentially over a larger field of view. Thus, it will be useful in instruments designed for the screening of retinal disease(s). The methodology is applicable to an individual's eye, on the basis of either the group that said individual falls into or measurements of the quality of their eye's optics. As described herein, the settings (including optimum pupil size, pupil position, detector pinhole size and/or wavelength for imaging) can be chosen to give improved the retinal image quality.