A pulse oximeter includes a light emitting device that emits a first light and a second light, a light detecting device that outputs a first signal and a second signal respectively corresponding to an intensity of the first light and an intensity of the second light after interacting with a tissue of a subject, a processing device that calculates a pulsation rate of at least one of the first signal and the second signal, calculates a percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation of the subject, and estimates a capillary refill time of the tissue based on a time taken for at least one of the pulsation rate and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation, which change along with compression on the tissue, to return to a predetermined threshold range with respect to each value before the compression, and an output device that outputs information indicating the capillary refill time.

Systems and methods for monitoring patients with multiple chronic diseases are described. A system may include a health status monitor that receives diagnostic data including physiological signals sensed from a patient. The system may produce at least a first risk indication of the patient developing a first disease and a second risk indication of the patient developing a different second disease. The system may detect the first and second diseases from the physiological signals, and generate a composite health status indicator using the detections of the first and second diseases and the first and second risk indications. An alert of worsening health status may be generated if the composite detection score exceeds an alert threshold.

Systems are provided for generating data representing electromagnetic states of a heart for medical, scientific, research, and/or engineering purposes. The systems generate the data based on source configurations such as dimensions of, and scar or fibrosis or pro-arrhythmic substrate location within, a heart and a computational model of the electromagnetic output of the heart. The systems may dynamically generate the source configurations to provide representative source configurations that may be found in a population. For each source configuration of the electromagnetic source, the systems run a simulation of the functioning of the heart to generate modeled electromagnetic output (e.g., an electromagnetic mesh for each simulation step with a voltage at each point of the electromagnetic mesh) for that source configuration. The systems may generate a cardiogram for each source configuration from the modeled electromagnetic output of that source configuration for use in predicting the source location of an arrhythmia.

Systems and methods can be used to provide an indication of heart function, such as an indication of mechanical function or hemodynamics of the heart, based on electrical data. For example, a method for assessing a function of the heart can include determining a time-based electrical characteristic for a plurality of points distributed across a spatial region of the heart. The plurality of points can be grouped into at least two subsets of points based on at least one of a spatial location for the plurality of points or the time-based electrical characteristics for the plurality of points. An indication of synchrony for the heart can be quantified based on relative analysis of the determined time-based electrical characteristic for each of the at least two subsets of points.

Disclosed herein are systems, non-transitory computer readable media, and methods to employ electrical impedance-based devices in clinical setting to perform hemodynamic assessments. A system may include a plurality of electrodes; and a controller coupled to the plurality of electrodes. The controller may receive a sequence of impedance datasets. The controller may generate a corresponding impedance image. The controller may determine a pre-maneuver hemodynamic measurement from a first region of interest (ROI) from at least one impedance image prior to a maneuver. The controller may determine a post-maneuver hemodynamic measurement from the first ROI from at least one impedance image following the maneuver. The controller may receive at least one parameter associated with the maneuver. The controller may determine a hemodynamic figure of merit based at least on the pre-maneuver hemodynamic measurement, the post-maneuver hemodynamic measurement, and the at least one parameter associated with the maneuver.

A system monitors an individual for conditions indicating a possibility of occurrence of irregular heart events. A database includes a plurality of combinations of at least a first signature and a second signature. A first portion of the plurality of combinations is associated with a normal heartbeat and a second portion of the plurality of combinations is associated with an irregular heart event. A wearable heart monitor that is worn on a body of the patient includes a heart sensor for generating a heart signal responsive to monitoring a beating of a heart of the individual. The monitor further includes a processor for receiving the heart signal from the heart sensor. The processor is configured to analyze the heart signal using a plurality of different processes. Each of the plurality of different processes generates at least one of the first signature and the second signature. The plurality of different processes provide a unique combination including at least the first signature and the second signature for the generated heart signal. The processor compares the unique combination with the plurality of combinations in the database, locates a combination of the plurality of combinations that substantially matches the unique combination and generates a first indication if the unique combination substantially matches one of the first portion of the plurality of combinations and a second indication if the unique combination substantially matches one of the second portion of the plurality of combinations.

A myocardial infarction detection method and apparatus is described that includes a stiffness measurement step of measuring myocardial stiffness of a cardiac muscle of a subject, and a determination step of determining, based on the myocardial stiffness, whether or not infarction is present in the cardiac muscle.

A device is provided for automatically assessing functional hemodynamic properties of a patient is provided, the device comprising: a housing; an ultrasound unit coupled to the housing and adapted for adducing ultrasonic waves into the patient at a vessel; a detector adapted to sense signals obtained as a result of adducing ultrasonic waves into the patient at the vessel and to record the; and a processor adapted for receiving the recorded signals as data and transforming the data for output at an interface. Other devices, systems, methods, and/or computer-readable media may be provided in relation to assessing functional hemodynamics of a patient.

The invention provides a system and method for measuring vital signs (e.g. SYS, DIA, SpO2, heart rate, and respiratory rate) and motion (e.g. activity level, posture, degree of motion, and arm height) from a patient. The system features: (i) first and second sensors configured to independently generate time-dependent waveforms indicative of one or more contractile properties of the patient's heart; and (ii) at least three motion-detecting sensors positioned on the forearm, upper arm, and a body location other than the forearm or upper arm of the patient. Each motion-detecting sensor generates at least one time-dependent motion waveform indicative of motion of the location on the patient's body to which it is affixed. A processing component, typically worn on the patient's body and featuring a microprocessor, receives the time-dependent waveforms generated by the different sensors and processes them to determine: (i) a pulse transit time calculated using a time difference between features in two separate time-dependent waveforms, (ii) a blood pressure value calculated from the time difference, and (iii) a motion parameter calculated from at least one motion waveform.

The present disclosure describes a closed-loop fluid resuscitation and/or cardiovascular drug administration system that uses continuous measurements and adaptive control architecture. The adaptive control architecture uses a function approximator to identify unknown dynamics and physiological parameters of a patient to compute appropriate infusion rates and to regulate the endpoint of resuscitation.