In various examples, a medical device is configured to be at least partially insertable within a patient. The medical device includes a first elongate member including a sidewall surrounding and defining a lumen extending through the first elongate member between a first proximal end and a first distal end. A second elongate member is sized and shaped to fit within the lumen of the first elongate member. A coil is disposed within the sidewall of the first elongate member, wherein the coil is configured to sense a position of the second elongate member with respect to the coil. In some examples, the first elongate member includes a catheter, and the second elongate member includes a guidewire.

Devices, systems, and methods for visualizing a reference location of an electrophysiology device in an anatomical image are provided. According to one embodiment, an electrophysiological mapping and guidance system includes a processor circuit in communication with a catheter carrying a plurality of electrodes. The processor circuit controls the plurality of electrodes to obtain electrical measurements (e.g., voltage measurements) of an electrical field induced within an anatomical cavity. The processor circuit computes a reference location of the plurality of electrodes based on distortions in the electromagnetic field detected at a first time, computes a current location of the plurality of electrodes based on distortions in the electromagnetic field detected at a later second time, and outputs a signal to cause simultaneous display of a first visualization of the reference location and a second visualization of the current location.

An oximeter measures oxygen saturation for two or more different tissue depths and shows these results on a screen. A probe of the oximeter has multiple different distances between source and detector sensors. One probe implementation has fixed sensor positions. Other implementations include sensors on a moveable platform or openings to accept sensors, which allow a user to vary a distance between sensors.

The signal quality of an electrophysiological signal can be determined from information regarding proximal stability of an electrophysiology catheter at the time the signal is acquired and temporal stability of the electrophysiological signal. The proximal stability information can include a distance between the electrophysiology catheter and an anatomical surface, a velocity of the electrophysiology catheter, and/or contact force between the electrophysiology catheter and the anatomical surface. Graphical representations of signal quality scores can be output to a display in order to enable visualization thereof by a practitioner.

Devices, systems, and methods of the present disclosure are directed to generating three-dimensional surface representations of an anatomic structure such as a heart cavity. More specifically, a three-dimensional surface representation of the anatomic structure is constrained relative to one or more anchor portions corresponding to received input regarding the location of anatomic features of the anatomic structure. The resulting three-dimensional surface representation includes salient features of the anatomic structure and, therefore, can be useful as visualization tool during any of various different medical procedures, including, for example, cardiac ablation.

A method includes receiving a plurality of data points including electrical activation (EA) values measured at respective positions in at least a portion of a surface of a cardiac chamber of a heart of a patient. Using a predefined EA value criterion, the EA values in a given region of the cardiac surface are classified into multiple distinct EA wave-fronts, and multiple layers of EA values are calculated for the given region, wherein each EA layer includes the EA values found to belong to a respective and contiguous EA wave-front. The multiple EA layers are overlayed on a graphical representation of the surface. The graphical representation with the multiple overlaid EA layers is displayed to a user, with a graphical indication distinguishing between the multiple EA layers.

Systems and methods are described for implementing a catheter model to estimate shape of a deformable catheter in a three-dimensional space. The catheter model includes two or more model segments that correspond to two or more segments of the deformable catheter. Each model segment includes a length and location of model electrode(s) and/or model magnetic sensor(s) corresponding electrodes and/or magnetic sensors of the deformable catheter. Variable shape parameter define a curvature of the segment. Varying the shape parameters generates a plurality of potential catheter shapes. In conjunction with generating the potential catheter shapes, impedance and/or magnetic responses (e.g., measured responses) are obtained for the physical electrodes and/or physical magnetic sensors of the deformable catheter. Using a selected one (e.g., most likely) of the potential catheter shapes and the measured responses, the shape parameters are updated and a catheter shape is generated and displayed.

A system for determining a location of a structure within a patients vasculature includes three or more pads adhered to the patients torso in a predetermined pad pattern. Each pad generates a pad electrical signal. A stylet has longitudinally spaced proximal and distal stylet ends, with at least one stylet electrode located proximate the distal stylet end. The stylet electrode receives the pad electrical signals and responsively generates a stylet electrical signal. A signal processor is operatively coupled for signal exchange with the stylet and to each of the pads via a selective electrical coupling. The signal processor compares the stylet electrical signal and at least two pad electrical signals to triangulate a position of the stylet electrode relative to each of the pads and responsively produce a triangulated position. The triangulated position is indicative of a position of the stylet electrode within the patients vasculature.

An example method includes establishing a communications link between an electrophysiology (EP) monitoring system and an implantable medical device (IMD). IMD electrical data is received at the monitoring system via the communications link. The IMD electrical data may be synchronized with EP measurement data to provide synchronized electrical data based on timing of a synchronization signal sensed by an IMD electrode and/or EP electrodes. The method also includes computing reconstructed electrical signals for locations on a surface of interest within the patient's body based on the synchronized electrical data and geometry data. The geometry data represents locations of the EP electrodes, a location of the IMD electrode within the patient's body and the surface of interest.

A method includes, in a processor, receiving signals from (i) a first position sensor disposed on a shaft of a catheter, and (ii) a second position sensor disposed on a distal end of a sheath of the catheter. Based on the signals received from the first position sensor and the second position sensor, an event is detected in which an expandable distal-end assembly of the catheter is being withdrawn into the sheath while still at least partially expanded. A responsive action is initiated in response to detecting the event.