An active implantable stimulating device (10) includes: (a) a tissue coupling unit (40) for being implanted directly onto a vagus nerve (Vn) of a patient, (b) an EEG-unit (70) for measuring an electroencephalogram of the patient, (c) an encapsulation unit (50) configured for being subcutaneously implanted, (d) an energy transfer lead (30) for transferring pulses of electrical and/or optical energy, (e) a signal transfer lead (60) for transferring signals between the EEG unit and the encapsulation unit. EEG electrodes (70a-70d) monitor the electric activity of the brain of a patient. The EEG signal is conveyed to the electronic circuit (53) in the form of EEG conditioned data. The electronic circuit analyses the EEG conditioned data to yield analysis results. The electronic circuit takes a decision to trigger energy pulses to stimulate the vagus nerve (VN).

A flexible sheet for neurostimulation has a flexible non-conductive substrate matrix in which electrodes are embedded along a lower surface. Electrically conductive wires extend from the electrodes through the flexible substrate to another exterior surface of the substrate. Methods of making the flexible sheet and making a device using the flexible sheet are also disclosed.

An apparatus and method is provided for intraoperative tissue stimulation during port-based surgery. The apparatus includes an access port and electrical terminals attached to the access port for tissue stimulation. In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may include an access port, with or without electrical terminals attached to the access port for tissue stimulation, and electrocorticography sensors attached to the access port. The method includes inserting an access port into a tissue, applying an electrical potential to the tissue using electrical terminals attached to the access port, and measuring consequent neural activity using electrocorticography sensors attached to the access port.

An apparatus and method is provided for intraoperative tissue stimulation during port-based surgery. The apparatus includes an access port and electrical terminals attached to the access port for tissue stimulation. In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may include an access port, with or without electrical terminals attached to the access port for tissue stimulation, and electrocorticography sensors attached to the access port. The method includes inserting an access port into a tissue, applying an electrical potential to the tissue using electrical terminals attached to the access port, and measuring consequent neural activity using electrocorticography sensors attached to the access port.

Systems and methods for high-bandwidth, minimally invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are disclosed. The BCIs are configured for deployment and operation in conjunction with a comprehensive interventional electrophysiology procedural suite. Three primary methods of minimally invasive electrode array delivery are disclosed: (1) cortical surface delivery, (2) ventricular delivery, and (3) endovascular delivery. Additionally, systems and methods for interacting with such high-bandwidth electrode arrays are discussed, including real-time imaging, signal processing, and neural decoding. Systems and methods for architectures for accelerating the underlying computational processes (such as graphics processing units or tensor processing units) are also discussed. Multiple applications of BCIs are discussed, with emphasis on restoration, rehabilitation, and augmentation of neurologic function.

The present invention relates to a syringe-injection-type brain signal measurement and stimulation structure, and a syringe injection method therefor, and provides a structure including a high-performance flexible element capable of minimizing a skull opening when inserted into the brain. Particularly, the present invention comprises: a flexible element, which includes a contact part making contact with a surface of a cortex so as to measure a signal generated in the brain or transmit an external stimulus to the brain, a transmitting/receiving part positioned between a skull and a skin, and a connection part for making a connection between the contact part and the transmitting/receiving part; and an integrated circuit connected to the transmitting/receiving part so as to transmit/receive a signal.

Embodiments of the disclosure are drawn to implantable stimulator with machine learning based classifier. An implantable system includes sensors which provide sensor information to an implantable unit. The implantable unit uses a classifier on the sensor information to select a stimulation procedure which is applied via a stimulation electrode. The classifier may be generated by a trained machine learning model. The classifier may be trained on an external unit which is not implanted in the subject. The classifier may be trained based on sensor information from the implanted sensors as well as symptom information.

A method for stabilizing disrupted neural signals received by a brain-computer interface (BCI), where a translation model is trained on a clean and disrupted dataset and is used to translate a disrupted signal to a clean signal. The clean dataset is based on the data that is received the same day the BCI is calibrated and the disrupted dataset is based on data received the same day that the model is trained. Based on the variation in daily signal disruption, the training model is retrained each day and a new translation model is applied to a disrupted dataset.

An electrode system for an intracranial electroencephalogram is described. A substrate is configured to be applied directly on a brain of a patient. The substrate has a profile that is suitable to be placed within a subdural space in between a portion of intact cranium and cerebral cortex of the brain. A tracking device is arranged on the substrate. A plurality of electrodes are configured to sense electrical activity associated with the brain. Each of the plurality of electrodes has a predefined relationship with the tracking device. A tracking system is operable to determine a position of the tracking device relative to a reference point based on a strength of an electromagnetic field relative to the tracking device. A controller is configured to selectively determine a position for each of the plurality of electrodes based on the position of the tracking device and the predefined relationship.

An electrode system is provided for sensing and/or stimulating a brain while reducing risk associated with the sensing and stimulation. The system is scalable to different numbers of contacts to span large areas of the brain. The system includes an electrode array made with a plurality of patches connected together physically and electrically. The array and/or each patch can have its own respective intelligent multiplexer and/or intelligent demultiplexer to aggregate the respective sense and/or stimulate signals, thereby reducing the wire count down to a single wire or wireless link. The array or each patch can have an embedded ground plane, thus minimizing the susceptibility to external EM noise. Moreover, the physical resolution of the array or each patch can be adjusted as needed.