A stent system is provided comprising a primary stent for location in a lumen of a target vessel, such as a vein or artery that may be fully or partially occluded. The primary stent contacts a vessel wall and at least one secondary stent element is deployed wholly within the primary stent and configured to engage with the interior surface of the primary stent. The secondary stent element is configured to apply a chronic outward radial force to the interior surface of the primary stent so as to effect modification of or to resist change to an aspect ratio of the lumen of the target vessel at the location where the secondary stent element is deployed. In this way the secondary stent element cooperates with the primary stent to restore patency to the target vessel. Various configurations of the stent system are provided as well as deployment devices and methods of treating fully or partially occluded vessels.

A stent system is provided comprising a primary stent for location in a lumen of a target vessel, such as a vein or artery that may be fully or partially occluded. The primary stent contacts a vessel wall and at least one secondary stent element is deployed wholly within the primary stent and configured to engage with the interior surface of the primary stent. The secondary stent element is configured to apply a chronic outward radial force to the interior surface of the primary stent so as to effect modification of or to resist change to an aspect ratio of the lumen of the target vessel at the location where the secondary stent element is deployed. In this way the secondary stent element cooperates with the primary stent to restore patency to the target vessel. Various configurations of the stent system are provided as well as deployment devices and methods of treating fully or partially occluded vessels.

A small diameter vascular prosthesis includes an outer textile graft, an intermediate self-supporting coil or stent and an inner microporous layer. The outer textile graft allows for tissue ingrowth. The inner microporous layer provides blood impermeability without preclotting the prosthesis. The coil or stent provides kink resistance and resistance again collapsing of the outer textile graft and the inner microporous layer.

This application relates to methods, systems, and apparatus for replacing native heart valves with prosthetic heart valves and treating valvular insufficiency. In a representative embodiment, a support frame configured to be implanted in a heart valve comprises a main body formed by formed by a plurality of inner members forming an inner clover and a plurality of outer members forming an outer clover. The support frame can include gaps located between inner members of the plurality of inner members and outer members of the plurality of outer members. The inner clover can be radially inside the outer clover, and the outer clover can have larger dimensions than the inner clover. The support frames herein can be radially expandable and collapsible.

This application relates to methods, systems, and apparatus for replacing native heart valves with prosthetic heart valves and treating valvular insufficiency. In a representative embodiment, a support frame configured to be implanted in a heart valve comprises a main body formed by formed by a plurality of inner members forming an inner clover and a plurality of outer members forming an outer clover. The support frame can include gaps located between inner members of the plurality of inner members and outer members of the plurality of outer members. The inner clover can be radially inside the outer clover, and the outer clover can have larger dimensions than the inner clover. The support frames herein can be radially expandable and collapsible.

Devices and methods for the treatment of chronic total occlusions are provided. One disclosed embodiment comprises a method of facilitating treatment via a vascular wall defining a vascular lumen containing an occlusion therein. The method includes inserting an intramural crossing device into the vascular lumen, positioning at least the distal tip of the crossing device in the vascular wall, advancing an orienting device over the crossing device such that an orienting element of the orienting device resides in the vascular wall, inserting a reentry device, and re-entering the true vascular lumen.

Devices and methods for the treatment of chronic total occlusions are provided. One disclosed embodiment comprises a method of facilitating treatment via a vascular wall defining a vascular lumen containing an occlusion therein. The method includes inserting an intramural crossing device into the vascular lumen, positioning at least the distal tip of the crossing device in the vascular wall, advancing an orienting device over the crossing device such that an orienting element of the orienting device resides in the vascular wall, inserting a reentry device, and re-entering the true vascular lumen.

A personalized prosthesis for implantation at a treatment site of a patient includes a self-expanding mesh or membrane having collapsed and expanded configurations. The collapsed configuration is adapted to be delivered to the treatment site, and the expanded configuration engages the personalized prosthesis with the treatment site. The mesh or membrane is personalized to match the treatment site in the expanded configuration, and has an outer surface that substantially matches the treatment site shape and size. The self-expanding mesh or membrane forms a central lumen configured to allow blood or other body fluids to flow therethrough. Methods of manufacturing and delivery of the personalized prosthesis are also disclosed.

A personalized prosthesis for implantation at a treatment site of a patient includes a self-expanding mesh or membrane having collapsed and expanded configurations. The collapsed configuration is adapted to be delivered to the treatment site, and the expanded configuration engages the personalized prosthesis with the treatment site. The mesh or membrane is personalized to match the treatment site in the expanded configuration, and has an outer surface that substantially matches the treatment site shape and size. The self-expanding mesh or membrane forms a central lumen configured to allow blood or other body fluids to flow therethrough. Methods of manufacturing and delivery of the personalized prosthesis are also disclosed.

In one embodiment according to the present invention, a stent is described having a generally cylindrical body formed from a single woven nitinol wire. The distal and proximal ends of the stent include a plurality of loops, some of which include marker members used for visualizing the position of the stent. In another embodiment, the previously described stent includes an inner flow diverting layer.