Treatment systems, methods, and apparatuses for improving the appearance of skin or other target regions are described. Aspects of the technology are directed to improving the appearance of skin by tightening the skin, improving skin tone or texture, eliminating or reducing wrinkles, increasing skin smoothness, or improving the appearance sites with cellulite. Treatments can include cooling a surface of a patient's skin and detecting freezing in the cooled skin. The tissue can be cooled after the freeze event is detected so to maintain the frozen state of the tissue to improve the appearance of the treatment site.

The invention presents methods and devices for controlling and modifying the core body temperature of a human or other mammal. The apparatus contains an element to be placed in contact with an individual's skin, such as the palm of a hand or sole of a foot; the element emits radiation, preferably within the red to infrared range of 550 nm to 950 nm, inducing vasodilation and increased blood flow in the region beneath the contacting area. A heat exchange element is concurrently in contact with the skin, capable of transferring heat into or removing heat from the circulatory vasculature, through the skin surface. The circulatory system carries the increase or decrease in thermal energy to the body's core organs. As such the method and devices are capable of increasing or decreasing the core body temperature, or maintaining current core body temperature in the presence of external thermal elements.

A device comprising a heat-generating component that comprises an alkali metal is provided. The alkali metal in the presence of water at a point of contact of the device undergoes an exothermic reaction to generate heat in situ. The amount of heat generated is proportional to and/or limited by the amount (or moles) of water at the point of contact, and the heat generated is sufficient to achieve an increase in temperature at the point of contact to achieve a therapeutic or beneficial result. In one embodiment, the device is used for reducing sweat production in a subject suffering from excessive sweating or hyperhidrosis. In other embodiments, the device is used to substantially sterilize a surface or render a surface substantially aseptic.

Systems for maintaining normothermia in a patient via compression and warming are disclosed and include a first warming element configured to apply warming to the popliteal fossa, a second warming element configured to apply warming to the sole of the foot, and a compression element configured to apply compression to the calf.

A foot warming assembly to receive and heat a person's feet has a housing that consists of a bottom wall and a perimeter wall. The perimeter wall is attached to the bottom wall and extends upwards to define an upper edge. A dividing wall is attached to the perimeter wall between the bottom wall and the upper edge and divides the area inside the housing into a compartment below and an upper portion above the dividing wall. A heating element is positioned within the compartment. A controller is electrically coupled to the heating element to turn the heating element on or off. A power supply is in electrical communication with the controller and the heating element to supply electrical power to the heating element. When the controller is turned on, the heating element warms the sand in the upper portion and the sand warms a person's feet.

An exercise assistance system includes a deep body thermometer attached to a user and including a temperature sensor, temperature adjustment equipment attached to at least one of a hand and a foot of the user, and a controller configured to communicate with the deep body thermometer and the temperature adjustment equipment. The deep body thermometer detects information related to deep body temperature of the user with the temperature sensor. The controller executes a process for determining whether the deep body temperature of the user is less than or equal to a predetermined temperature based on the detected information related to deep body temperature. When determined that the deep body temperature is not less than or equal to the predetermined temperature, the controller executes a process for outputting control information to the temperature adjustment equipment indicating a magnetic stimulating pattern that dilates blood vessels in a palm or foot bottom of the user.

A method for maintaining and/or increasing body temperature of a patient may involve delivering heat to a first location on a limb of the patient, delivering heat to a second location on the limb, apart from the first location, and applying intermittent compression to a third location on the limb, located between the first location and the second location. A device for maintaining and/or increasing body temperature of a patient may include a sleeve for positioning over at least part of one of the patient's limbs, first and second heat delivery members coupled with the sleeve, and an intermittent compression member coupled with the sleeve between the first and second heat delivery members.

A therapeutic apparatus for treating damaged tissue on a limb or body of a subject includes a wearable adapted to cover and be secured to the limb or body of a subject over damaged tissue. The wearable being configured to reduce pressure on the damaged tissue and adapted to deliver one or more treatments selected from the group consisting of heat, oxygen, electrical current, and light to the damaged tissue.

Apparatus and methods for producing thermal comfort using two point or multipoint heating or cooling that is applied to portion of a human body part to produce a warm or cool sensation over a larger area than that where the heating or cooling is directly applied. The body is induced to heat or cool itself by adjusting its neutral temperature setpoints. Increased warming perception from two-point, multipoint, and switching point stimulation causes downward adaptation in the neutral skin temperature of the user. Because spot heating and cooling sources operate at higher temperature differences from the skin than do area sources, they create a stronger perceived thermal sensation for the same power consumption. Point heating or cooling, rather than whole-area heating, can result in power savings and cost savings while improving occupant comfort.

A radiant heat foot warming device including a top planar surface configured to emanate radiant heat therefrom to warm feet of a user; a bottom planar surface spaced apart from the top planar surface; a plurality of curved sidewalls positioned between and connected to the top planar surface and the bottom planar surface; and an adjustable temperature control member positioned on the top planar surface that displays device temperature and further adjustably controls device temperature to regulate radiant heat emanating from the top planar surface.