A composition and method of treatment of neuromuscular, neuromuscular degenerative, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, developmental, traumatic, hearing loss related, and/or metabolic diseases, including spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) syndrome (SMA1, SMA2, SMA3, and SMA4, also called Type I, II, III and IV), traumatic brain injury (TBI), concussion, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry Eye Disease), glaucoma, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, post-LASIK surgery, anti-depressants use, Wolfram Syndrome, and Wolcott-Rallison syndrome. The composition is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-DNP, 2,4-DNP, 2,5-DNP, 2,6-DNP, 3,4-DNP, or 3,5-DNP, bipartite 2,3-dinitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,5-dinitrophenol, 2,6-dinitrophenol, 3,4-dinitrophenol, or 3,5-dinitrophenol (2,3-DNP, 2,4-DNP, 2,5-DNP, 2,6-DNP, 3,4-DNP, or 3,5-DNP) prodrugs; Gemini prodrugs, bioprecursor molecules, and combinations thereof. A dose of the composition for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases may be from about 0.01 mg/kg of body weight to about 50 mg/kg of body weight of the patient in need of treatment. A dose of the composition for treatment of metabolic diseases may be from about 1 mg/70 kg of body weight to about 100 mg/70 kg of body weight of the patient in need of treatment, and a maximum dose per day is about 200 mg/70 kg of body weight of the patient in need of treatment.

A composition and method of treatment of neuromuscular, neuromuscular degenerative, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, developmental, traumatic, hearing loss related, and/or metabolic diseases, including spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) syndrome (SMA1, SMA2, SMA3, and SMA4, also called Type I, II, III and IV), traumatic brain injury (TBI), concussion, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry Eye Disease), glaucoma, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, post-LASIK surgery, anti-depressants use, Wolfram Syndrome, and Wolcott-Rallison syndrome. The composition is selected from the group consisting of 2,3-DNP, 2,4-DNP, 2,5-DNP, 2,6-DNP, 3,4-DNP, or 3,5-DNP, bipartite 2,3-dinitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,5-dinitrophenol, 2,6-dinitrophenol, 3,4-dinitrophenol, or 3,5-dinitrophenol (2,3-DNP, 2,4-DNP, 2,5-DNP, 2,6-DNP, 3,4-DNP, or 3,5-DNP) prodrugs; Gemini prodrugs, bioprecursor molecules, and combinations thereof. A dose of the composition for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases may be from about 0.01 mg/kg of body weight to about 50 mg/kg of body weight of the patient in need of treatment. A dose of the composition for treatment of metabolic diseases may be from about 1 mg/70 kg of body weight to about 100 mg/70 kg of body weight of the patient in need of treatment, and a maximum dose per day is about 200 mg/70 kg of body weight of the patient in need of treatment.

Compositions and methods for increasing stress response and improving health and slowing the aging process in a user. A composition includes one or more of a first group consisting of milk thistle, ashwagandha, green tea, bacopa monnieri, and turmeric. The composition includes one or more of a second group consisting of acetyl-L-carnitine, quercetin, lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, cysteine, and grape. The composition includes one or more of a third group consisting of wasabi, theacrine, copper, nicacin, cysteine, and olive extract.

Compositions and methods for increasing stress response and improving health and slowing the aging process in a user. A composition includes one or more of a first group consisting of milk thistle, ashwagandha, green tea, bacopa monnieri, and turmeric. The composition includes one or more of a second group consisting of acetyl-L-carnitine, quercetin, lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, cysteine, and grape. The composition includes one or more of a third group consisting of wasabi, theacrine, copper, nicacin, cysteine, and olive extract.

The present invention relates to injectable pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amount of succinylcholine chloride, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous solvents, and one or more stabilizing agents selected from aliphatic polyols; lower alkyl alcohols; amino acids having at least one additional amino, carboxyl or hydroxyl group; amino alcohols; and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having at least one hydroxyl or amino group, or α-β unsaturation. The compositions are stable at room temperature for at least 30 days. Methods of manufacturing the injectable pharmaceutical compositions are also provided. The composition may be provided in a sealed container, e.g., an ampoule, vial and pre-filled syringe, and are suitable for subcutaneous, intravenous or intramuscular administration as an adjunct to general anesthesia, to facilitate tracheal intubation, and/or to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.

The present invention relates to injectable pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amount of succinylcholine chloride, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous solvents, and one or more stabilizing agents selected from aliphatic polyols; lower alkyl alcohols; amino acids having at least one additional amino, carboxyl or hydroxyl group; amino alcohols; and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having at least one hydroxyl or amino group, or α-β unsaturation. The compositions are stable at room temperature for at least 30 days. Methods of manufacturing the injectable pharmaceutical compositions are also provided. The composition may be provided in a sealed container, e.g., an ampoule, vial and pre-filled syringe, and are suitable for subcutaneous, intravenous or intramuscular administration as an adjunct to general anesthesia, to facilitate tracheal intubation, and/or to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide tablets having no dimples on the surface thereof, and having a very smooth surface with substantially no visible dimples found thereon. As a means for solving the problem, the present invention provides a film-coated tablet obtained by film coating an uncoated tablet containing citric acid anhydride having a particle size distribution x99 of less than 210 μm or citric acid hydrate having a particle size distribution x99 of less than 210 μm, and α-tocopherol.

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide tablets having no dimples on the surface thereof, and having a very smooth surface with substantially no visible dimples found thereon. As a means for solving the problem, the present invention provides a film-coated tablet obtained by film coating an uncoated tablet containing citric acid anhydride having a particle size distribution x99 of less than 210 μm or citric acid hydrate having a particle size distribution x99 of less than 210 μm, and α-tocopherol.

Described herein are novel γ- and δ-propargyl carboxylic acids and esters. The novel compositions are antagonists of CSE and may be used to modulate of the activity of the carotid body, therefore providing therapeutic benefits for sleep-related breathing disorders and related conditions.

Described herein are novel γ- and δ-propargyl carboxylic acids and esters. The novel compositions are antagonists of CSE and may be used to modulate of the activity of the carotid body, therefore providing therapeutic benefits for sleep-related breathing disorders and related conditions.