In some embodiments provided herein is a method of treating pain associated with cesarean section surgery in a subject, the method comprising administering into the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising: a) a multivesicular liposome comprising: at least one amphipathic lipid, and at least one neutral lipid; and b) an aqueous phase comprising bupivacaine phosphate, wherein the aqueous phase is encapsulated within the multivesicular liposome.

In some embodiments provided herein is a method of treating pain associated with cesarean section surgery in a subject, the method comprising administering into the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising: a) a multivesicular liposome comprising: at least one amphipathic lipid, and at least one neutral lipid; and b) an aqueous phase comprising bupivacaine phosphate, wherein the aqueous phase is encapsulated within the multivesicular liposome.

The present invention relates to phosphate derivatives of formula (I), and their therapeutic uses, preferably for treating a respiratory disease. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions and devices comprising such compounds.

The present invention provides methods of maintaining or increasing mobility and/or vitality by administering a composition comprising one or more polar lipids, in addition to uses, compositions, and medicaments comprising one or more polar lipids to maintain or increase mobility and/or vitality.

The present invention provides methods of maintaining or increasing mobility and/or vitality by administering a composition comprising one or more polar lipids, in addition to uses, compositions, and medicaments comprising one or more polar lipids to maintain or increase mobility and/or vitality.

Provided are a cognitive function improving agent effective for improving cognitive function such as memory and learning ability, and a method for evaluating or selecting the cognitive function improving agent. The cognitive function improving agent comprises a GIP function inhibitor as an active ingredient.

One-step methods for forming phosphate-based enzyme inhibitors are disclosed. Methods include reacting o-phosphorylethanolamine with an acyl chloride at acidic conditions. Acyl chlorides can be derivatized. The phosphate-based enzyme inhibitors can inhibit enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway including D-ribose-5-phosphate aldose-ketose isomerase enzymes such as T. cruzi ribose 5-phosphate isomerase type B and D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase enzymes. Methods can be used in forming pharmaceutical compositions for use in treatment of disease caused by kinetoplastid parasites including T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania spp.

Provided herein are photosensitizer compounds for use in a variety of clinical, industrial, and research applications. In particular, provided are deep eutectic solvents and natural deep eutectic solvents for use in killing of bacteria.

Provided herein are photosensitizer compounds for use in a variety of clinical, industrial, and research applications. In particular, provided are deep eutectic solvents and natural deep eutectic solvents for use in killing of bacteria.

The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for treating vitiligo. In one set of embodiments, the present invention comprises a composition comprising pyruvic acid and/or a pyruvate salt. The composition may be formulated for application to the skin of a subject, for instance, as a gel, lotion, cream, ointment, soap, or stick. In some cases, the composition may comprise a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present as a liquid crystal, and/or in liposomes, micelles, or other vesicles. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like.