The present invention refers to new glycoconjugate antigens expressing built-in multiple epitopes and to polyvalent glycoconjugate vaccines intended for the protection of mammalians, and particularly for the protection of the human population from enteropathogenic bacteria, such as the Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Clostridium difficile and the Gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhi, Escherichia Coli, Vibrio Cholerae, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella cholerasuis, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and/or from viral gastrointestinal infections due to human noroviruses.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a live attenuated vaccine by irradiation and a live attenuated vaccine composition prepared by the same, and more particularly, a method of preparing a live attenuated vaccine by irradiation including irradiating a pathogenic microorganism with a dose of 0.5 to 2 kGy of radiation per single radiation six to fifteen times; and a live attenuated vaccine composition including a pathogenic microorganism attenuated to not be revertant to a wild type by generation of at least one mutation of nucleotide insertion and nucleotide deletion by irradiation.

Protein complex variants, compositions, and methods of use thereof are provided. The protein complex variant includes a cholera toxin B subunit variant having one or more modifications thereto. The method of use thereof includes treating a disease by administering an effective amount of a composition including a cholera toxin B subunit variant to a subject in need thereof.

Methods of producing bioconjugates of O-antigen polysaccharides covalently linked to a carrier protein using recombinant host cells are provided. The recombinant host cells used in the methods described herein encode a particular oligosaccharyl transferase enzyme depending on the O-antigen polysaccharide bioconjugate to be produced. The oligosaccharyl transferase enzymes can be PglB oligosaccharyl transferase or variants thereof. Also provided are compositions containing the bioconjugates, and methods of using the bioconjugates and compositions described herein to vaccinate a subject against extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli. (ExPEC).

This disclosure provides cancer cell lysing agent, formulations comprising cancer cell lysing agent, and methods of using the same for treating cancer.

Provided herein are genetically engineered Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains, compositions including the bacterial strains, and methods of using the same for the prevention of Vibrio cholerae infection in a subject.

The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human—non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanised antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

The present invention discloses a vaccine formulation in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. The formulation including a live attenuated cholera vaccine strain VCUSM14P; a vaccine medium having starch, cellulose, dextrose, and yeast extract; and a phosphate buffer saline.

An immunogenic composition comprising at least one Norovirus antigen and at least one adjuvant which is at least one B subunit of an AB.sub.5 toxin such as cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) or the B subunit of heat-labile E. coli exotoxin LT (LTB).

Disclosed are compositions comprising a Gram negative needle tip protein and a translocator protein and methods of their use.