A red blood cell extracellular vesicle (RBCEV) loaded with a nucleic acid cargo; method for preparing the loaded vesicle; and the therapeutic use of the vesicle thereof are disclosed. The nucleic acid cargoes may be DNA or RNA, single stranded or double stranded, as well as linear or circular.

In some aspects, fusosome compositions and methods are described herein that comprise membrane enclosed preparations, comprising a fusogen. In some embodiments, the fusosome can the target cell, thereby delivering complex biologic agents to the target cell cytoplasm.

The present disclosure is generally directed to a composition comprising a minicell and an active agent and to a bacterial minicell comprising an active agent. The compositions are suitable for improving animal health, increasing live stock production, or preventing animal-to-human transmission from both domestic animals and wildlife populations. Disclosed herein are methods of preparing a minicell encapsulating an active agent, delivering an active agent to a subject, and producing an animal feed and/or an animal vaccination for improving animal health and welfare.

A composition comprising cell-derived particles presenting heterologous CD24, wherein the cell is a non-cancerous cell and wherein the composition is substantially devoid of intact cells is disclosed. Methods of producing the cell-derived particles and methods of using the cell-derived particles in treatment of cytokine storm syndrome, tissue injury associated with the inflammation and Coronavirus infection are also disclosed.

Provided are stem cell biomimetic microparticles comprised of at least one stem cell-derived paracrine polypeptide or growth factor embedded in a polymer core particle that further comprises an outer layer of at least one fragment of a cell membrane of a stem cell disposed on the core particle. The polymer core may be constituted of any biocompatible and biodegradable polymer or copolymer, or a combination thereof that allows the embedding of the paracrine factors and their prolonged release from the core. The core and hence the microparticles can be biodegradable, allowing eventual elimination from the recipient animal or human subject. The core particles are sized to allow both transport through blood vessels and extravasation from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues. The core particle may further include at least one polypeptide or peptide growth factor to induce the generation and proliferation of a population of stem cells.

The application relates to the use of loaded red blood cells (e.g. “RBCs”, “red cells” or “erythrocytes”) or red blood cell precursors to produce red cell extracellular vesicles (RCEVs) containing cargos, including cargos comprising biologically active ingredients. Notable red cell precursors include hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and reticulocytes. The cargo may comprise nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules, or components of a gene editing system, including CRISPR/Cas9. The RCEVs may be used to treat of diseases and disorders including autoimmune disorders, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, genetic disorders, or inflammatory diseases. The RCEVs may also be used to carry antigens and or immune modulator, for use in eliciting immune or immune tolerance responses. Also provided are methods for producing cargo loaded RCEVs (CLRCEVs) by first loading cargo into red cells and then by vesiculating the cargo loaded red cells to yield the CLRCEVs.

Methods, systems, compositions and strategies for the use of ARMM-mediated delivery of molecules (e.g., biological molecules, small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids (e.g., DNA, RNA), DNA plasmids shRNA, mRNA) to cells of the nervous system (e.g., central nervous system and peripheral nervous system).

Provided are methods for treating a disease using bioengineered enucleated cells. Also provided herein are compositions comprising enucleated cells, wherein the enucleated cells have been loaded with clinically relevant biomolecules.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods related to antiviral therapeutics. In particular, the present disclosure provides novel compositions and methods for treating and/or preventing viral infections using vesicles derived from lung spheroid cells (LSCs). LSC-derived vesicles can be used as viral decoy nanoparticles for therapeutic applications, as virus-like particles (VLPs) for vaccine production, and as an antiviral drug delivery platform.

The present disclosure relates to an exosome comprising a photocleavable protein and a use thereof, and the exosome according to the present disclosure contains a fusion protein comprising a blue fluorescent protein (TagBFP), a photocleavable protein (mMaple3), and an exosome-specific marker protein (CD9), and it has been found that when light of 405 nm is irradiated to the exosome, the photocleavable protein, mMaple3 is cleaved and thereby the blue fluorescent protein in the exosome can be delivered into a target cell. In addition, it has been found that Cre protein in the exosome can be delivered into an animal organ, when light of 405 nm is irradiated to an exosome containing Cre fusion protein (Cre-mMaple3-CD9). Therefore, the exosome containing the photocleavable protein according to the present disclosure is expected to be useful in the protein treatment field by safely and efficiently delivering various therapeutic proteins into cells.