Methods for forming an expandable tubular body having a plurality of braided filaments including a first filament including platinum or platinum alloy and a second filament including cobalt-chromium alloy. The methods include applying a first phosphorylcholine material directly on the platinum or platinum alloy of the first filament and applying a silane material on the second filament followed by a second phosphorylcholine material on the silane material on the second filament. The first and second phosphorylcholine materials each define a thickness of less than 100 nanometers.

Provided are an anticoagulation and anticalcification biological material and a preparation method therefor. The preparation method includes the following steps: introducing, on a biological tissue, a polymerizable reactive group, and undergoing free radical copolymerization with a zwitterion. In the present disclosure, by introducing a reactive group capable of free radical polymerization to a biological tissue and undergoing free radical copolymerization with a zwitterionic monomer, collagen in the biological tissue is crosslinked at multiple sites by means of a polymer, thereby achieving sufficient crosslinking within and between collagen fibers, improving the stability of the biological tissue, and prolonging the service life of the biological tissue. Moreover, a zwitterion is introduced to the surface of the biological tissue, to improve the anticoagulation performance, promote the in-situ endothelialization of a biological valve, and prevent the calcium element deposition.

Provided herein are bioactivated polymer/extracellular matrix (ECM) composites and methods of preparation and use thereof. In particular, heparinized cysteine-polymer/ECM composites, and methods of preparation and use thereof, are provided. In some embodiments, provided herein are compositions comprising a composite of: (a) extracellular matrix (ECM), and (b) a polyester covalently linked to a bioactive agent. In some embodiments, the composite is a homogeneous composite. In some embodiments, the ECM is decellularized ECM. In some embodiments, the ECM is not substantially crosslinked.

Catheters and a method of preparation thereof, the catheter comprising a catheter body, a juncture hub, extension lines and connectors, the catheter body having a proximal end, a distal end, an exterior surface, a tip region having a length of 10 cm measured from the distal end of the catheter body, and at least two lumen, each of the catheter body lumen having a proximal end, a distal end, a Lumen Aspect Ratio of at least 3:1, and an intraluminal surface, the distal ends of the at least two catheter body lumen being (i) non-coterminus or (ii) laser-cut, the exterior surface of the catheter body in the tip region or the intraluminal surface of the two catheter body lumen comprising a hydrophilic polymer layer having an Average Dry Thickness of at least about 50 nanometers.

A medical material uses a nickel-titanium alloy wherein a polyelectrolyte has a reduced thickness while a sufficient amount of an antithrombogenic compound for production of a therapeutic effect is supported. The medical material in which a porous surface is formed on a nickel-titanium alloy to allow infiltration of a polyelectrolyte into the pores, to thereby reduce the thickness of the polyelectrolyte exposed on the surface of the nickel-titanium alloy while allowing supporting of a sufficient amount of an antithrombogenic compound due to contribution of the polyelectrolyte infiltrate.

A medical needle may include a lumen coating configured to reduce surface energy of the lumen-facing/lumen defining surface, in a manner effective to slow and/or reduce coagulation of biomaterial (particularly blood) that contacts the needle lumen surface. Such a coating may include a hydrophobic coating such as a silane and/or siloxane material on at least the needle lumen surface. The coating reduces a surface energy of coated needle regions below the surface energy of uncoated regions, and particularly reduces the polar component of the surface energy in the coated needle regions. The needle may be a metallic biopsy needle with the coating comprised by at least a distalmost length of sample-collection lumen.

Processes are described herein for preparing medical devices and other articles having a low-fouling surface on a substrate comprising a polymeric surface. The polymeric surface material may possess a range of polymeric backbones and substituents while providing the articles with a highly efficient, biocompatible, and non-fouling surface. The processes involve treating the substrate to reduce the concentration of chemical species on the surface of or in the substrate without altering the bulk physical properties of the device or article, and thereafter forming a grafted polymer layer on the treated substrate surface.

Methods for forming an expandable tubular body having a plurality of braided filaments including a first filament including platinum or platinum alloy and a second filament including cobalt-chromium alloy. The methods include applying a first phosphorylcholine material directly on the platinum or platinum alloy of the first filament and applying a silane material on the second filament followed by a second phosphorylcholine material on the silane material on the second filament. The first and second phosphorylcholine materials each define a thickness of less than 100 nanometers.

A medical device substrate with a coating including a functional layer located on the substrate, with the functional layer including at least one sugar alcohol and being bonded to the substrate directly or indirectly via a functionalization of the sugar alcohol. Alternatively, the functional layer may also include other saccharides, in which case it is essential that polymerization of the saccharides takes place only upon bonding to the substrate. The inventive medical device exhibits reduced platelet adhesion and aggregation.

Methods for forming an expandable tubular body having a plurality of braided filaments including a first filament including platinum or platinum alloy and a second filament including cobalt-chromium alloy. The methods include applying a first phosphorylcholine material directly on the platinum or platinum alloy of the first filament and applying a silane material on the second filament followed by a second phosphorylcholine material on the silane material on the second filament. The first and second phosphorylcholine materials each define a thickness of less than 100 nanometers.