A closed circulation system test apparatus independently sets the amount of a liquid such as a dialysate for a blood purification device, facilitates management of operations of multiple pumps, and is capable of evaluating performance for removing wastes in blood and lifespan performance of membranes. The closed circulation system test apparatus includes: a blood sending line for sending blood from the blood bag to the blood purification device via a blood pump; a blood returning line for sending blood exiting from the blood purification device to the blood bag via a resistance imparting means; a filtrate line for sending the filtrate exiting from a dialysate outlet of the blood purification device to the replacement fluid container via a filtrate pump; and a dialysate line for sending, via a dialysate pump, dialysate or replacement fluid from the replacement fluid container to a dialysate inlet of the blood purification device.

A method and system is provided that measures plasma protein levels of whole blood while a plasma donor is connected to an apheresis machine. A refractometer associated with the apheresis machine is capable of receiving a portion of a disposable tubing set including an integrated cuvette and prism. The integrated cuvette of the disposable tubing set can be inserted into a receiving space of the refractometer associated with the apheresis machine such that the light source and the sensor are oriented relative to the prism and a sensing surface of the integrated cuvette in a precise alignment. Calibration of the refractometer is made using anticoagulant pumped through the disposable tubing set including the integrated cuvette and prism. Based on a light intensity associated with this calibration, whole blood is then measured to determine plasma protein levels and donor eligibility.

A computer-implemented method comprises providing a fluid circuit comprising fluid pathways configured to mount and associate with a durable processing device comprising a pressure sensor in communication with a controller and a fluid pathway. A container is connected to the pressure sensor and may receive a volume of fluid. A change in pressure values between a first and second time is measured from when the volume of fluid is not in communication with the pressure sensor to when the volume of fluid is in communication with the pressure sensor, the volume of fluid within the container or a presence or absence of a fluid connection to the fluid pathway based on the change in pressure values is determined, and a response action is executed if the volume of fluid within the container is not within an authorized volume range for the time period, or if a fluid connection is unauthorized.

A blood filtration system can reduce the amount of plasma constituents (e.g., water and/or electrolytes) in the blood of the patient, and accordingly increase the hematocrit value of the patient. The blood filtration system (e.g., a controller, or the like) can determine a hematocrit value of a patient. The blood filtration system can determine a venous pressure of vasculature of a patient. The blood filtration system can compensate for pressure head in a component of a blood circuit (e.g., a withdrawal line of a catheter), for example to improve the accuracy of the venous pressure determination. The blood filtration system can determine one or more resistance characteristics of a blood circuit for the blood filtration system. The resistance characteristics can correspond to a resistance to a flow of blood through a component of the blood circuit.

A dialysis system includes a dialysis apparatus, a measurement apparatus, and a control apparatus. The dialysis apparatus performs hemodialysis on a dialysis subject. The measurement apparatus measures a cerebral regional oxygen saturation of the dialysis subject. The control apparatus adjusts a hemodialysis operating condition by the dialysis apparatus so as to suppress decrease in the cerebral rSO2 based on the cerebral rSO2 of the dialysis subject measured by the measurement apparatus during operation of the hemodialysis by the dialysis apparatus.

The present disclosure relates to a calculation device for determining an interdialytic sodium intake of a patient and/or for determining a non-osmotically triggered interdialytic liquid intake, including a storage device and/or an input device configured for storing or for entering parameter values of the patient; a computing device, configured for calculating the interdialytic sodium intake of the patient and/or for calculating his non-osmotically triggered interdialytic liquid intake; and an output device for outputting a signal for controlling or closed-loop controlling a communication device and/or a medical blood treatment apparatus.

A blood purification system is provided that is capable of effectively utilizing accumulated histories stored during blood purification treatment and that helps take a quick and appropriate action in response to a particular incident that occurs unsteadily. In a blood purification system, a history stored in a storage device includes particular incidents having occurred unsteadily in blood purification treatment. The blood purification system includes an extracting device capable of searching the histories accumulated in the storage device and extracting a desired one of the particular incidents, a calculating device capable of calculating a time when the particular incident extracted by the extracting device occurs a predetermined or more number of times as a frequent-occurrence time slot, and a display control device capable of displaying the frequent-occurrence time slot calculated by the calculating device on a display during a current session of blood purification treatment.

Provided are a blood purification system, etc., to enable more achieve more efficient purification of blood. A blood purification system includes a line through which a liquid containing blood or filtrate flows, a plasma separation device to separate a plasma component from blood flowing through the line, a factor separating device to separate a factor component which is a pathogenic factor from the plasma component, a detector to detect blood information relating to blood flowing through the line, a liquid control mechanism to control flow of liquid in the line based on control parameters, a parameter acquisition module to input the detected blood information into a learning model trained to output predetermined control parameters when predetermined blood information is input, and acquire control parameters output from the learning model, and a control module to control the liquid control mechanism based on the acquired control parameters.

Compounds, systems, kits, methods, and/or apparatuses may be operative to reduce amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide in a patient, including a central nervous system (CNS) of the patient and/or a periphery (non-CNS portion) of the patient. In some embodiments, a displacer fluid comprising a Aβ displacer may be introduced to the patient to bind to a blood protein, such as albumin, that binds Aβ (for instance, Aβ peptide or non-plaque Aβ) in the patient periphery. Binding of the displacer to the blood protein may facilitate more free Aβ peptide (for instance, Aβ monomers) in the periphery for clearance via natural processes, such as through the liver or kidneys, and/or artificial processes, such as dialysis. Increased removal of the free Aβ peptide in the periphery may ultimately lead to less Aβ peptide in the CNS, which may decrease Aβ plaque formation in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. Other embodiments are described.

The present invention relates to a dialysis machine having an extracorporeal circuit in which a dialyzer is located which has a chamber on the blood side which is flowed through by blood and a first pressure sensor, which is located upstream of the chamber on the blood side in the direction of flow of the blood, for determining a first pressure value and a second pressure sensor, which is located downstream of the chamber on the blood side in the direction of flow of the blood, for determining a second pressure value, wherein the dialysis machine has first means for determining the pressure difference between the second pressure value and the first pressure value, second means for determining the dynamic viscosity of the blood on the basis of the determined pressure difference, of the blood flow rate through the chamber on the blood side and of one or more characteristic properties of the dialyzer and third means for determining the hematocrit or the hemoglobin value of the blood on the basis of the determined viscosity, and wherein the dialysis machine has a control or regulation unit which is configured such that it sets the blood flow rate and/or the dilution rate and/or the ultrafiltration rate such that the time change of the hematocrit and/or of the hemoglobin value does not exceed a limit value or lies in a desired value range.