A method for determining a location of a transducer on a subject's body for applying tumor treating fields. The method comprises determining a near-surface portion of a tumor in the subject's body, the near-surface portion of the tumor closer to a surface of the subject's body than other portions of the tumor; determining a near-tumor position on the subject's body, the near-tumor position on the subject's body closer to the near-surface portion of the tumor than other positions of the subject's body; determining an outer perimeter of the transducer, the transducer comprising a plurality of electrode elements electrically coupled to each other, the plurality of electrode elements of the transducer being located within the outer perimeter; and identifying a portion of the outer perimeter of the transducer to be located substantially at the near-tumor position on the subject's body.

A soft physiotherapy instrument includes a flexible sheet and a controller. The flexible sheet includes a first flexible layer, a second flexible layer, a plurality of functional layers located between the first flexible layer and the second flexible layer, and a plurality of electrodes electrically connected with the plurality of functional layers. The functional layer includes a carbon nanotube layer including a plurality of carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed. The flexible sheet is electrically coupled with the controller via the plurality of electrodes.

Alternating electric fields (e.g., TTFields) may be applied to a subject's body using one or more electrode assemblies that includes a sheet of graphite, at least one layer of conductive material disposed on the front face of the sheet of graphite, and an electrode element positioned behind the sheet of graphite. The electrode element has a front face disposed in electrical contact with the rear face of the sheet of graphite. The sheet of graphite spreads both heat and current out in directions that are parallel to the front face of the sheet, which eliminates or at least minimizes hot spots on the electrode assembly. This in turn makes it possible to increase the current without exceeding a temperature safety threshold (e.g., 41° C.).

A flexible sheet for neurostimulation has a flexible non-conductive substrate matrix in which electrodes are embedded along a lower surface. Electrically conductive wires extend from the electrodes through the flexible substrate to another exterior surface of the substrate. Methods of making the flexible sheet and making a device using the flexible sheet are also disclosed.

An electrode system include a flowable and cohesive surface contact element comprising a hydrophilic polymer swollen with an electrolyte fluid, the contact element having a Q′ ratio of at least 5 as defined by the equation $Q^{\prime }=\frac{W_W}{W_G}$
wherein W.sub.G is the dry weight of the hydrophilic polymer and W.sub.W is weight of water in the sample after absorption of the electrolyte fluid comprising water and an electrolyte salt. The surface contact element can consist essentially of the hydrophilic polymer swollen by the electrolyte fluid. Another electrode system includes a contact element including a crosslinked hydrophilic polymer matrix. The contact element has a Q′ ratio of at least 5 as defined by the equation $Q^{\prime }=\frac{W_W}{W_G}.$
The contact elements can also have a Q′ ratio of at least 6, at least 7, at least 10 or even at least 11.

A system and method for delivering TTFields are herein described. The system comprises an electric field generator generating a signal having a frequency from 50 kHz to 500 kHz and coupled to a first lead and a second lead. A first pad is coupled to the first lead and includes a conductive foam and a first conductive gel. The conductive foam receives the signal from the first conductive lead and comprises a solid continuous phase material comprising at least a conductive material. A plurality of pockets is interspersed throughout the conductive foam. The first conductive gel is attached, absorbed, or adsorbed to the conductive foam. The second lead is coupled to the electric field generator and a second pad is coupled to the second lead. The second pad has a second electrode element connected to a second conductive gel element and receives the signal from the second conductive lead.

A physiotherapy sheet includes a flexible sheet. The flexible sheet includes a first flexible layer, a second flexible layer, a plurality of functional layers located between the first flexible layer and the second flexible layer, and a plurality of electrodes electrically connected with the plurality of functional layers. The second flexible layer comprises at least one opening at a position corresponding to the plurality functional layers, and at least one portion of the plurality of functional layer is exposed out of the second flexible layer from the at least one opening. A method for using the physiotherapy sheet is further provided.

This invention relates to devices and methods for the electrochemical removal of unwanted deposits in humans and animals, or for prevention of bone loss following implantation of metal and other surgical materials in the body. A selected voltage is applied using direct current and an electrode to discourage growth or remove deposits, including bone spurs, and may be applied using microneedles in skin contact with a human or animal.

The present disclosure relates to a method for increasing an amount of air and/or oxygen passing through an airway of an individual, reducing airway restrictions in an individual, increasing airway patency and/or maintaining airway patency in an individual, decreasing snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, or a combination thereof, in an individual. The method may comprise stimulating at least four regions of the individual's neck, where two of the at least four regions of the individual's neck are anterior triangle regions on opposing sides of the individual's midline, and another two of the at least four regions of the individual's neck are anterior triangle regions on opposing sides of the individual's midline, posterior to the two of the at least four regions. The present disclosure also discusses related devices and systems.

An electrical stimulation therapy appliance, system, and method for neuromodulation and treatment of various neurological conditions, including but not limited to sexual dysfunctions like premature ejaculation or decreased orgasm intensity in males, and persistent genital arousal or decreased arousal in females. The electrical stimulation therapy appliance, system, and method including a detachable control housing that can be recharged or reprogramed. The control housing being removably connectable to a disposable patch.