Systems and methods for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) include at least one electrically stimulating electrode coupled to a pulse generator. Individuals with GERD are treated by implanting a stimulation device within and/or proximate the patient's lower esophageal sphincter, gastric fundus, or other nearby gastrointestinal structures and applying electrical stimulation to the patient's lower esophageal sphincter and/or fundus, in accordance with certain predefined protocols. Electrical stimulation provided by the disclosed systems results in an increase in the length of the high pressure zone of the LES and/or modulation of the receptive relaxation response of the fundus to decrease gastric pressure, creating a longer barrier to the reflux of gastric contents or increasing functional lower esophageal pressure respectively, thereby treating GERD.

An implantable vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) system includes a sensor configured to measure ECG data for a patient, a stimulation subsystem configured to deliver VNS to the patient, and a control system configured to perform a heart rate variability analysis with the ECG data. In some aspects, performing the heart rate variability analysis includes measuring R-R intervals between successive R-waves for the ECG data measured during a stimulation period and a baseline period, plotting each R-R interval against an immediately preceding R-R interval for each of the stimulation period and the baseline period, and determining at least one of a standard deviation from an axis of a line perpendicular to an identity line for each of the stimulation period plot and the baseline period plot or a centroid of each of the stimulation period plot and the baseline period plot.

The present disclosure relates to methods, devices, and systems used for the treatment of and/or promoting recovery from various neurological disorders and conditions, including epilepsy and other seizure disorders and movement and other related disorders, as well as for the treatment of mood, anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, and cognitive and behavioral disorders (collectively, neuropsychiatric disorders) via stimulation of the superficial elements of the trigeminal nerve.

A neurostimulation device 1 for non-destructively stimulating neural activity in a nerve 3 in proximity to a blood vessel 5. The neurostimulation device 1 comprises a catheter 7 for insertion into the blood vessel 5; a proximal electrode 11 offset from a distal electrode 9 along a length of the catheter 7; and an insulator 13 positioned between the proximal electrode 11 and the distal electrode 9 on the catheter 7. The insulator 13 has a contracted configuration in which the size of the insulator 13 allows the catheter 7 to travel inside the blood vessel 5. The insulator 13 has an expanded configuration in which the insulator 13 blocks blood flowing through the blood vessel between the proximal electrode 11 and the distal electrode 9. The neurostimulation device 1 comprises a stimulator 15 arranged to apply an electrical signal between the proximal electrode 11 and the distal electrode 9 when the insulator 13 is in the expanded configuration, thus inducing electrical activity in a wall portion of the blood vessel between the proximal and distal electrodes 9, 11. There is also an insulation portion between the distal electrode 9 and a distal end of the catheter 7 for offsetting the distal electrode 9 from a wall of the blood vessel 5.

The present disclosure relates to methods, devices and systems used for the treatment of neurological disorders via stimulation of the superficial elements of the trigeminal nerve (“TNS”). More specifically, minimally invasive methods of stimulation of the superficial branches of the trigeminal nerve located extracranially in the face, namely the supraorbital, supratrochlear, infratrochlear, auriculotermporal, zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticoorbital, zygomaticofacial, nasal, infraorbital, and mentalis nerves (also referred to collectively as the superficial trigeminal nerve) are disclosed herein. Systems and devices configured for therapeutic stimulation of the branches of the trigeminal nerves, such as the superficial trigeminal nerve, and their methods of application are also described.

Described is a low voltage, pulsed electrical stimulation device for controlling expression of klotho, a useful protein, by tissues. Also described are methods of enhancing expression of klotho in cells.

A patient external controller is provided for controlling sub-perception stimulation provided by a patients implantable stimulator device having an electrode array. Control circuitry in the controller renders a graphical user interface (GUI), including a location at which the sub-perception stimulation is provided within the electrode array, and a pre-defined region in which the location can be moved. The pre-defined region may be constrained to less than the entire electrode array. The control circuitry receives one or more first inputs to move the location of the sub-perception stimulation within the region and to program the stimulator to move the sub-perception stimulation to the moved location in the electrode array. The control circuitry can enable adjustment of an amplitude of the sub-perception stimulation to a value that is less than or equal to a perception threshold. Once moved, the sub-perception stimulation an be stored as a second stimulation program.

Stimulation using EA of LI-4, LI-11, GV-14 and GV-20 in humans, horses, and rodents results in mobilization of MSCs into systemic circulation. Methods are provided for increasing mesenchymal stem cells in the circulating blood of a mammal by contacting acupuncture points LI-4, LI-11, GV-14, and GV-20 of the mammal with a therapeutically effective amount of EA stimulation to mobilize MSCs into the circulating blood of the mammal. Methods for treating damaged tissue, specifically damaged tendons are also provided. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells made according to these methods, methods of isolated them, and stem cell banks that store them are also provided.

Electrical stimulation of neural activity in the neural innervation of the spleen that is associated with neurovascular bundles provides a useful way to treat acute medical conditions, such as trauma, hemorrhaging and shock.

Improved neuromodulation control of neurological abnormalities associated with effector organs in vertebrate beings using direct current stimulation for modulating spinal cord excitability, having a peripheral-current supplying component for providing direct current peripheral nerve stimulation and a spinal-current supplying component providing direct current for spinal stimulation, and a controller managing such functions.