A treatment method and a treatment system capable of treating a tumor while checking a degree of destruction of tumor cells due to emission of light and improving a treatment effect. A treatment system configured to irradiate a photosensitive substance accumulated in a tumor cell of breast cancer with excitation light, and includes: an optical device including an optical fiber configured to propagate light between a proximal portion and a distal portion of the optical device, and including, at the distal portion, an irradiation unit configured to emit light outward, and a detection unit configured to detect external light. The distal portion of the optical device is configured to be inserted into a lactiferous duct from a lactiferous duct orifice.

An intracranial intervention system comprises a seeker wire and delivery catheter used to navigate and access a target location within the intracranial subarachnoid spaces (ISAS) of a patient. A microcatheter is then advanced through the delivery catheter to perform a therapeutic procedure, such as installing a shunt within the ISAS to drain cerebral-spinal fluid (CSF). The shunt may be configured to drain CSF from a first and second ISAS, and includes a distal portion which extends into the first ISAS via the second ISAS and a dural venus sinus (DVS) of the patient. The shunt has a main body portion positioned and secured within the second ISAS, a distal portion extending into the first ISAS and the main body portion in the second ISAS have CSF intake opening which allow CSF to flow into a shunt lumen and out through an outflow opening positioned in the DVS.

A method of administering interstitial photodynamic therapy to a target region of a patient may include receiving information associated with the target region, an initial photosensitizer concentration, a plurality of initial photosensitizer photokinetic rate parameters, and a threshold treatment dose for a photosensitizer, the threshold treatment dose being a threshold photodynamic therapy-dose or a threshold reactive oxygen species dose. A location in the target region for inserting at least one interstitial treatment fiber to deliver the treatment light, and initial values for treatment light transmission is determined. Computational spatial elements are determined for the target region and for the location of emitting surfaces of the at least one interstitial treatment fiber, and a light fluence rate for delivering treatment light to each of the computational spatial elements. A treatment dose is determined based on the light fluence rate, the plurality of photosensitizer photokinetic rate parameters, and a photokinetic rate equation.

A light beam irradiation planning apparatus according to embodiments includes processing circuitry configured to identify a tumor site included in a medical image, set an irradiation mode to the tumor site, the irradiation mode satisfying a criterion for a chemical reaction of a drug binding to a tumor by a light beam, and generate guidance information for guiding light beam irradiation by a light beam irradiation device based on the set irradiation mode.

A system an d method of coupling light in and out of an optical member is described which includes transmitting at least one light beam within a wavelength range of infrared, visible or ultraviolet light using a light source; coupling the light beam into a proximal end of the optical member by means of at least one focussing optical component; collecting backscattered light using a distal end of the optical member and emitting the collected light at the proximal end of the optical member and wherein the light emitted by the optical member has at least partially a different angular sector than an angular sector of the light beam being coupled into the proximal end of the optical member, and detecting the collected light emitted from the proximal end of the optical member using at least one light detector.

Products, compositions, systems, and methods for modifying a target structure which mediates or is associated with a biological activity, including treatment of conditions, disorders, or diseases mediated by or associated with a target structure, such as a virus, cell, subcellular structure or extracellular structure. The methods may be performed in situ in a non-invasive manner by application of an initiation energy to a subject thus producing an effect on or change to the target structure directly or via a modulation agent. The methods may further be performed by application of an initiation energy to a subject in situ to activate a pharmaceutical agent directly or via an energy modulation agent, optionally in the presence of one or more plasmonics active agents, thus producing an effect on or change to the target structure. Kits containing products or compositions formulated or configured and systems for use in practicing these methods.

An optical stimulation lead includes a lead body including a distal end, a distal portion, and a proximal portion; and an optical assembly attached to the distal end of the lead body. The optical assembly includes a light emitter; a feedthrough assembly including at least one ceramic block, at least one feedthrough pin extending through the at least one ceramic block and electrically coupled to the light emitter, and a metal housing attached to the at least one ceramic block; a metal tube attached to the feedthrough assembly and disposed around the light emitter; and an emitter cover disposed over the light emitter and coupled to the metal tube.

A stimulation system includes an energy source, an electronics unit with a controller, and an actuator that is coupled with the electronics unit and/or the energy source. The actuator emits electromagnetic waves for stimulation of genetically manipulated tissue. The electronics unit is disposed in a housing. The stimulation system is configured for at least temporary implantation in a human or animal body. The controller controls the stimulation of tissue in the body by way of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the actuator. A selector of the stimulation system selects the area of the said tissue for stimulation. The selector includes a masking device for masking certain areas of the tissue, so that an intensity of the stimulation for the masked areas is reduced or equal to zero.

Provided is a puncture device includes: a needle tube; and a tube that is accommodated within the needle tube, is capable of accommodating an optical fiber, and is composed of a cylindrical optically-transparent material. The needle tube includes a tip member fixed to a distal end of the tube and having a blade surface at a tip thereof, and a base member that is disposed at a position where the base member covers a proximal end of the tube relative to the tip member and that is movable along a longitudinal axis of the needle tube. The base member advances to cause a distal end of the base member to abut on a proximal end of the tip member. The base member retracts to cause the distal end of the base member to move away from the proximal end of the tip member in a direction of the longitudinal axis.

An optogenetic system and method for preventing or halting seizures. The system and method use a sensor for monitoring the activity of a neural network containing a group of target neurons, and generating an input signal indicative of said activity, the target neurons being excitatory neurons. Excitatory stimulation is delivered in the form of an optical signal by an optical stimulator to the target neurons, the optical signal being determined based on the input signal, to reduce the overall activity of the target neurons.