A phosphor-containing drug activator activatable from a Monte Carlo derived x-ray exposure for treatment of a diseased site. The activator includes an admixture or suspension of one or more phosphors capable of emitting ultraviolet and visible light upon interaction with x-rays, wherein a distribution of the phosphors in the diseased target site is based on a Monte Carlo derived x-ray dose distribution. A system for treating a disease in a subject in need thereof, includes the drug activator and a photoactivatable drug, one or more devices which infuse the photoactivatable drug and the activator including the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier into a diseased site in the subject; and an x-ray source which is controlled to deliver the Monte Carlo derived x-ray exposure to the subject for production of ultraviolet and visible light inside the subject to activate the photoactivatable drug and induce a persistent therapeutic response, the dose comprising a pulsed sequence of x-rays delivering from 0.5-2 Gy to the tumor.

The invention is directed to biomarkers for predicting a patient's response, both therapeutic and toxic, to immunotherapy.

The present disclosure provides a composition, a combination product, a medical device and the like for treating or preventing cancer or a tumor or preventing the recurrence of the cancer or the tumor. The present disclosure provides a composition, a combination product and a medical device for treating or preventing cancer or a tumor or preventing the recurrence of the cancer or the tumor, each of which comprises an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a dendritic cell direct activator or means. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides: a novel cancer treatment method which comprises carrying out a treatment of cancer by employing a combination of a treatment by the administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a treatment for improving the sensitivity to the immune checkpoint inhibitor and, therefore, can be used as an immunotherapy that can be expected to have an excellent therapeutic effect; and a medicine which can be used for the cancer treatment method.

The invention relates generally to a formulation in which metal tungstate or metal molybdate particles are encapsulated within biocompatible, diseased cell-targeting polymeric coatings. Such formulations render metal tungstate or metal molybdate particles suitable for in vivo biomedical imaging and therapeutic applications.

Disclosed is a method for increasing susceptibility of cancer cells to ionizing radiation by delivering to the cells a radiosensitizing agent that has one of the following properties: (a) it perturbs the process of chromosome segregation thereby increasing chromosome missegregation; or (b) it is an inhibitor of an agent that promotes faithful chromosome segregation induces numeric chromosome instability in said cells and this instability is induced substantially simultaneously with or closely prior to or closely after irradiating the cells. Examples of such radiosensitizing agent include inhibitors of one or more of the following: Kif2b, MCAK, MPS1, Eg5/Kinesin-5 5, Polo-like kinase 4, MCAK, Bub1 and Hec1. Such agents specifically target proteins involved in maintaining or promoting faithful chromosome segregation.

A pharmaceutical composition for enhancing radiation therapy, containing a fusion protein dimer is disclosed. The fusion protein dimer includes an IL-2 protein and a CD80 protein. A method of radiation therapy for cancer, using the composition is also disclosed. The composition for enhancing radiation therapy may increase the effect of radiation therapy in cancer treatment.

Described herein are compounds, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds for inhibiting three prime repair exonuclease 1 (“TREX1”).

New techniques for remote administration of medicine and medical devices using an external guidance and activation system are provided. In some embodiments, medicine(s) and/or medical device(s) is/are energized to a predetermined threshold energy level by externally applied radiation, and then driven into the treatment target. The design of such device(s) (e.g., injectable machine(s)) may include sub-device(s), e.g., medical payload-carrying reservoir(s), injector(s) and abrasive tool(s), which may be activated magnetically and/or by such radiation. In some aspects, such sub-device(s) include actuable housing(s) and/or other sub-tool(s), delivering drugs to specific locations commanded by a control system or a user. In other aspects, a medicine and/or device is provided with multiple dipoles, each oriented differently in three-dimensional space, allowing a guidance control system, remote from the medicine or device, to drive the movement and three-dimensional orientation of the medical agent or particle according to a three-dimensional path.

The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating cancer, containing a novel trifluoromethyl phenyl pyrazole derivative as an active ingredient, and, more specifically, to a composition for preventing, alleviating or treating cancer and a radiosensitizer composition for treating cancer with radiotherapy, which contain, as an active ingredient, a novel sulfonamide derivative including N,N-dimethyl-N′-(3-(1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl)azanesulfonamide. Novel sulfonamide derivatives according to the present invention have an excellent apoptotic effect on cancer cells, and thus are usable as an effective anti-cancer agent, and reduce the radioresistance of cancer cells, and thus can be used as a radiosensitizer composition during cancer treatment.

The present invention relates to novel antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind to TransMembrane 4 Superfamily Member 4 (TM4SF4). These antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof exhibit proliferation inhibitory activity of cancer cells so as to effectively prevent or treat cancer, and reduce the self-renewal ability of cancer stem cells to be usefully used even in the treatments of cancer with a poor prognosis in conventional anticancer treatments.