The present invention relates to a skin administration system capable of improving the efficiency of skin delivery of an ingredient for controlling release of neurotransmitters and, particularly, to a microneedle containing an ingredient for controlling release of neurotransmitters.

The present invention relates to sustained-release formulations and dosage forms of ruxolitinib, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in the treatment of Janus kinase-associated diseases such as myeloproliferative disorders.

Provided are a calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) agonist compound and application thereof. Specifically, provided are a series of polypeptide CaSR agonist compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which have agonist effects on human CaSRs to reduce plasma parathyroid hormone and serum calcium ion levels, and can be used for treatment of metabolic diseases such as primary hyperparathyroidism, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and tumor-induced hypercalcemia.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing etelcalcetide hydrochloride (etelcalcetide HCL). A first peptide is de-protected and cleaved from a solid support by a first solution system, for obtaining a second peptide, followed by coupling an activated L-Cys-OH to the second peptide in the second solution system for forming a TFA salt of etelcalcetide that is not or hardly dissolved in the second solution system. After purification by column chromatography, the TFA salt of etelcalcetide can be converted to etelcalcetide HCL using a third solution system that excludes hydrogen chloride during a real-time monitoring salt exchange step. The present method provides a simplified process and the etelcalcetide HCL with high purity and yield, for being advantageously applied in mass production of etelcalcetide HCL.

The present invention provides for bioavailable oral dosage forms containing esters of 17-hydroxyprogesterone as well as related methods. The oral dosage forms can be formulated for pregnancy support and can include a therapeutically effective amount of an ester of 17-hydroxyprogesterone and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In another embodiment, a pharmaceutically acceptable oral dosage form for pregnancy support is provided. The pharmaceutically acceptable oral dosage can include a therapeutically effective amount of an ester of 17-hydroxyprogesterone and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The oral dosage form can, when measured using a USP Type-II dissolution apparatus in 900 mL of deionized water with 0.5 (w/v) of sodium lauryl sulfate at 50 RPM at 37° C., release at least 20 wt % of the dose of the ester of 17-hydroxyprogesterone after 60 minutes, or in the alternative release at least 20 wt % more after 60 minutes than an equivalently dosed oral dosage form without the carrier.

Disclosed are bolus compositions for use in the treatment or prevention of hypocalcemia and choline deficiency in ruminants. The bolus compositions may comprise rumen-protected choline, one or more calcium salts, and water.

A method of administering a pharmaceutical composition which includes anti-RANKL antibodies, calcium and vitamin D to a patient in need thereof. The method includes subcutaneously administering the anti-RANKL antibodies at a dose of 60-180 mg in 1-3 ml of solution every four weeks, orally administering the calcium at a dose of 400 mg daily, and orally administering the vitamin D at a dose of 800-1200 IU daily. The patient in need thereof has skeletal-related complications due to solid tumors, and the administering of the pharmaceutical composition comprising anti-RANKL antibodies, calcium and vitamin D to the patient in need thereof at least one of treats and prevents hypocalcemia induced by anti-RANKL antibody therapy. The calcium and the vitamin D are provided as a combined single daily dose in a form of effervescent granules, swallowable tablets, swallowable capsules, chewable tablets, or ready-to-use granules.

A low osmolality oral rehydration slush composition is provided. The oral rehydration slush composition includes: water; a source of carbohydrate; a source of electrolytes; and a source of citrate. The oral rehydration slush composition has an osmolality of 70 mOsm/kg H.sub.2O to 350 mOsm/kg H2O. The oral rehydration slush composition can be used to treat individuals suffering from dehydration.

A low osmolality oral rehydration slush composition is provided. The oral rehydration slush composition includes: water; a source of carbohydrate; a source of electrolytes; and a source of citrate. The oral rehydration slush composition has an osmolality of 70 mOsm/kg H.sub.2O to 350 mOsm/kg H2O. The oral rehydration slush composition can be used to treat individuals suffering from dehydration.

The present invention relates to a novel and improved process for preparing (4S)-4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide of the formula (I) ##STR00001##
and also the preparation and use of the crystalline polymorph I of (4S)-4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide of the formula (I).