An emissions clean-up process is provided to remove detrimental exhaust gases from a fossil fuel power plant and to produce and/or reclaim various useful commercial byproducts. The process includes mixing a blended liquid solution with a solubilizer in a mixing tank to create a chemical reaction therein to produce an ionic solid and an alkaline liquid solution. By mixing various blended solutions with desired solubilizers, alkaline liquids are produced which may be chemically combined to create other byproducts or sold commercially. Likewise, the alkaline liquids may be passed through a wet scrubber to create a byproduct that when chemically mixed with an acid creates desired byproducts. Other byproducts such as a sodium bicarbonate liquid solution exits the wet scrubber and is sold or used in the subject process to produce various other byproducts.

Methods and systems for producing aromatics and light olefins from a mixed plastics stream are described. The method may include feeding a plastic feedstock to a dechlorination operation to melt the plastic feedstock to release HCl and generate a liquid plastic stream; feeding the liquid plastic stream to a pyrolysis reactor, the pyrolysis reactor to generate hydrocarbon vapors; feeding the hydrocarbon vapors to an acid gas removal reactor with a solid inorganic alkali salt disposed within the reaction vessel to remove residual HCl and sulfur-containing compounds from the hydrocarbon vapors to generate a plastic derived oil; and feeding the plastic derived oil to a steam enhanced catalytic cracking reactor to generate a product stream comprising light olefins having a carbon number of C.sub.2-C.sub.4 and aromatics. The associated system for processing mixed plastics into aromatics and light olefins is also described.

A process for treating effluent streams in a renewable transportation fuel production process is described. One or more of the sour water stream and an acid gas stream are treated directly in thermal oxidation section. The process allows the elimination or size reduction of a sour water stripper unit, waste water treatment plant, and sulfur recovery unit.

Methods of sequestering CO.sub.2 from a gaseous source of CO.sub.2 are provided. Aspects of the methods include employing an alkali enrichment protocol, such as a membrane mediated alkali enrichment protocol, in a CO.sub.2 sequestration protocol. Also provided are systems for practicing the methods.

A method for decomposing a nitroso compound, comprising: adding an aqueous solution containing hydrogen halide to a liquid to be treated that contains the nitroso compound in such a manner that the hydrogen halide is present in an amount of 2 mol or more and 20 mol or less per mol of a nitroso group in the nitroso compound; and subsequently heating the resulting liquid to be treated at a temperature of not lower that 75° C. and not higher than a boiling point of water under ordinary pressure, thereby an amines are recovered.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for direct air capture of carbon dioxide or other gases through a calcium sorbent in a manner that allows for wide scale, relatively low cost implementation. In particular, a calcium sorbent may be provided as a substantially thin coating on one or more substrates and utilized for direct air capture of carbon dioxide through chemisorption. The carbonated sorbent may be disposed of for sequestration of the carbon dioxide or regenerated with capture of carbon dioxide released from the carbonated sorbent during the regeneration process.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods useful in capture of one more moieties (e.g., carbon dioxide) from a gas stream (i.e., direct air capture). In various embodiments, the systems and methods can utilize at least a scrubbing unit, a regeneration unit, and an electrolysis unit whereby an alkali solution can be used to strip the moiety (e.g., carbon dioxide) from the gas stream, the removed moiety can be regenerated and optionally purified for capture or other use, and a formed salt can be subjected to electrolysis to recycle the alkali solution back to the scrubber for re-use with simultaneous production of one or more further chemicals.

A carbon processing system comprises an air mover and a multi-stage reactor. The multi-stage reactor processes ambient air and generates carbon dioxide and generates exhausted gas released to ambient air. In operation, air contacts the base solution via the air mover. The air reacts with the base solution thereby generating a base solution having carbon dioxide and generating exhaust (absorption reaction). Next, the exhaust is released from the reactor. Next, heat is applied to the base solution having carbon dioxide thereby generating carbon dioxide and generating a base solution without carbon dioxide (desorption reaction). The base solution without carbon dioxide generated after applying heat is reusable in processing new air. The absorption reaction and desorption reaction are reversible reactions resulting in regeneration of the base solution into its form prior to contact with the air yielding high scalability and less processing volume as required by many conventional carbon processing techniques.

An emitter apparatus is mounted on a marine structure powered by wind or marine hydrokinetic energy to disperse a carbon dioxide sorbent such as sodium hydroxide. The sorbent can be generated by reverse osmosis of seawater with electrolysis of the brine, or delivered from an external supply. Suitable marine structures include offshore wind turbines, marine hydrokinetic generators, offshore oil platforms, merchant vessels, and other fixed and mobile structures. Effective capture is made by dispersing a fine mist or fog of aqueous sorbent from nozzles with a particle size from a nozzle of less than 100 microns. The sorbent reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide forming carbonates and bicarbonates, which drift and fall to the ocean surface, reducing surface acidity and capturing additional atmospheric carbon dioxide via absorption at the local ocean surface. The resulting carbonates sink to the ocean floor and are there sequestered.

A system for directly capturing and measuring greenhouse gasses from a mixture of gasses over a wide range of concentrations from ambient air to combustion exhaust products including: an emissions capture reaction vessel; a reaction media container configured to house a volume of reaction media, the reaction media configured to extract a constituent gas from gas flowing through the emissions capture reaction vessel and capture constituent gas; an intake and exhaust manifold configured to receive and release, respectively a portion of a gas stream via a first access tap on the exhaust stack; a computer system comprised of sensors and actuators connected to a network to directly measure efficiency and uptake of a system, and a fan arranged within the housing and configured to influence the amount and speed of the gas stream processed.