Methods and systems directed to recovery of lithium (e.g., lithium salts) from liquid streams are provided. In some embodiments, methods relate to obtaining lithium (e.g., as a solid lithium salt) by removing at least a portion of liquid from a feed stream to form a concentrated stream with respect to solubilized lithium cations. Liquid removal may include transporting at least a portion of the feed stream to an osmotic unit and/or a humidifier. Some methods include removing impurities (e.g., non-lithium cations) from the concentrated stream (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization). In some embodiments, solutions containing solubilized lithium cations and anions are electrochemically-treated such that first solubilized anions are replaced with second, different anions. In some embodiments, solid lithium salt containing at least a portion of the lithium cations and the second anions is obtained (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization following concentration of the electrochemically-treated solution in a humidifier).

A tubular membrane pervaporation separation system, comprising a heater, one or multiple membrane separators arranged in parallel, a condenser and a vacuum pump; the separator comprises a vacuum vessel, a concurrent heating vessel and one or multiple pervaporation lines arranged in parallel; the line comprises membrane tube bundle modules and concurrent heating modules connected in series or in a series-parallel hybrid form, in the line, the membrane tube bundle modules are arranged between two adjacent concurrent heating modules; the vacuum vessel is connected to the condenser and the vacuum pump in sequence; the concurrent heating vessel is provided with an inlet and an outlet; one end of the line is connected to the heater and the other end is used to discharge; the modules are placed respectively in the vacuum vessel and the concurrent heating vessel, comprise one or multiple membrane tubes and concurrent heating tubes arranged in parallel respectively.

A method for membrane filtration of water comprising alternating in-line additions of coagulant and adsorbent to the water upstream of the membrane, wherein each addition time is in a range from 10 seconds to one hour.

A method for membrane filtration of water comprising alternating in-line additions of coagulant and adsorbent to the water upstream of the membrane, wherein each addition time is in a range from 10 seconds to one hour.

Methods and systems are provided for desalting wash water treatment and recycling processes and control of those processes. More specifically, treatment of wash water and wastewater streams using forward osmosis are provided. Additional methods and systems for desalting processes are provided, including recycling wash water. Methods for controlling operations of desalting systems and processes are provided.

Methods and systems are provided for desalting wash water treatment and recycling processes and control of those processes. More specifically, treatment of wash water and wastewater streams using forward osmosis are provided. Additional methods and systems for desalting processes are provided, including recycling wash water. Methods for controlling operations of desalting systems and processes are provided.

The present disclosure provides an exosome composition comprising a population of enriched exosomes. The exosome composition is directly obtained by isolation and ultrafiltration rather than by formulation. The present disclosure also provides a method for producing the exosome composition.

A membrane separation pretreatment apparatus including a membrane separation unit and a first underwater plasma discharge unit disposed in front of the membrane separation unit is provided. The membrane separation pretreatment apparatus includes a membrane separation unit configured to remove particulate matter contained in raw water, and a first underwater plasma discharge unit disposed in front of the membrane separation unit and configured to cause a portion of the raw water to be introduced into the membrane separation unit to perform underwater plasma discharging.

A submerged water purification system including a plurality of spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules each connected in a parallel flow arrangement to a common feed manifold and a common permeate manifold; wherein each module includes at least one feed spacer sheet and one membrane envelop wound about a permeate collection tube having a plurality of openings along its length that are in fluid communication with the membrane envelop, and further including an end cap secured to an end of the module with a manifold junction reversibly connected to the end cap of each module, wherein the manifold junction provides a sealed fluid communication between the feed spacer sheets and permeate collection tubes of each module to the feed manifold and permeate manifold, respectively.

A submerged water purification system including a plurality of spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules each connected in a parallel flow arrangement to a common feed manifold and a common permeate manifold; wherein each module includes at least one feed spacer sheet and one membrane envelop wound about a permeate collection tube having a plurality of openings along its length that are in fluid communication with the membrane envelop, and further including an end cap secured to an end of the module with a manifold junction reversibly connected to the end cap of each module, wherein the manifold junction provides a sealed fluid communication between the feed spacer sheets and permeate collection tubes of each module to the feed manifold and permeate manifold, respectively.