A device for generating hydrogen gas, treated water, and metal-containing nanoparticles. The device includes a vessel containing an electrolyte solution having a preferably iron anode and a preferably copper cathode. A renewable energy source is connected to the anode and the cathode. A valve for disbursing the hydrogen is connected to the hydrogen chamber.

A filtration apparatus for a container, the apparatus includes a connection portion for securing the apparatus to the container; a housing; a hand pump attached to the housing, the hand pump comprising an inlet, an outlet, and a user-operated actuator, the hand pump is configured to pass filtered water through the inlet in a first direction towards the outlet of the hand pump during a first stroke of the user-operated actuator, and in both the first direction and in a second direction opposite to the first direction during a second stroke of the user-operated actuator; and a filter fluidly connected to the inlet of the hand pump, the housing is configured to house the filter and at least part of the hand pump, the housing is configured to pass water, the filter is configured to be a two-way valve for regulating water flow between the housing and the hand pump.

An assembly for reverse osmotically desalinating water, including a source containing feed water to be desalinated, a high-pressure tank having a first portion and a second portion and a movable piston wall operationally connected therebetween, a first portion inlet operationally connected to the first portion and a second portion inlet operationally connected to the second portion, a first portion outlet operationally connected to the first portion and a second portion outlet operationally connected to the second portion, a first valve having a first first valve inlet, a second first valve inlet, a first first valve outlet in fluidic communication with the first portion inlet and a second first valve outlet in fluidic communication with the second portion inlet, a high-pressure pump operationally connected to the source and to the first first valve inlet, a second valve having a first second valve inlet in fluidic communication with the first portion outlet and a second second valve inlet in fluidic communication with the second portion outlet and a second valve outlet, at least one reverse osmosis module having at least one reverse osmosis module inlet connected in fluidic communication with the second valve outlet, at least one brine outlet and at least one desalinated water outlet, a circulation pump having a circulation pump inlet port connected in fluidic communication with the brine outlet and a circulation pump outlet connected in fluidic communication with the second first valve inlet, andan electronic controller operationally connected to the first valve, to the second valve, to the high-pressure pump and to the circulation pump.

A method of desalinating water, including the steps of when electricity costs between a first predetermined price and a second predetermined price, fill water is pumped into a reverse osmosis desalination unit to yield desalinated permeate and saltwater having a first salinity, when electricity costs less than the first predetermined price, fill water is pumped into a reverse osmosis desalination unit to yield desalinated permeate and saltwater having a second salinity, and when electricity costs greater than the second predetermined price, pure water is flowed into a reverse osmosis unit to yield pressurized saltwater which is run through a turbine to generate electricity. The first salinity is lower than the second salinity.

A method includes providing a resonant thermal oscillator in a thermofluidic system having at least two counter-flowing liquid streams separated by at least a spectrum absorbing material, wherein the spectrum absorbing material is hydrophobic, light-absorbing, and photothermal, and adjusting a flow rate in at least one of the counter-flowing liquid streams to maximize heat transfer between the at least two counter-flowing liquid streams.

The present invention provides a novel floating and renewable energy-powered desalination vessel, which also functions as a wind turbine generator and wave energy generator platform. With energy derived from the wind and waves, the vessel performs reverse osmosis within a vertically positioned cylindrical section extending below a buoyancy chamber. The cylindrical section contains reverse osmosis membranes located above a seawater screening and filtration system, which serve as ballast. The entire vessel and power systems are configured to have the center of mass below the center of buoyancy, forming a vertically stable floating structure with minimum pitch, roll, and wave heave in high sea states. The electric power generated is utilized internally to produce desalinated water or hydrogen from the desalinated water's electrolysis, power an onboard data center, or power delivery to a shoreside power grid. In addition to a wind turbine generator and a wave energy generator, a photovoltaic array or a marine current generator may be utilized to power these applications. Alternatively, the desalination vessel operates with the assistance of shore-based power provided by cable.

The present invention relates to a distributed energy source system utilizing waste heat deeply. The distributed energy source system utilizing waste heat deeply comprises a primary waste heat recycling module, a membrane distillation type seawater desalination module and a membrane type thermoosmosis power generation module. The distributed energy source system utilizing waste heat deeply provided by the present invention can recycle and deeply utilize waste heat and moisture in flue gas by means of the primary waste heat recycling module, the membrane distillation type seawater desalination module and the membrane type thermoosmosis power generation module to realize functions of seawater desalination and low-temperature power generation, has high energy utilization ratio and improves the waste heat utilization efficiency.

A system comprises an electrodialysis apparatus, which includes first and second reservoirs, wherein a salt concentration in the first reservoir reduces below a threshold concentration and salt concentration in the second reservoir increases during an operation mode. A first electrode comprises a first solution of a first redox-active electrolyte material, and a second electrode comprises a second solution of a second redox-active electrolyte material. In a first reversible redox reaction between the first electrode and first electrolyte material at least one ion is accepted from the first reservoir, and in a second reversible redox reaction between the second electrode and second electrolyte material at least one ion is driven into the second reservoir. A first type of membrane is disposed between the first and second reservoirs, and a second type of membrane, different from the first type, is disposed between the respective electrodes and reservoirs.

A method of activating and dewatering sludge through application of acoustic pressure shock waves to wastewater.

Embodiments provide methods and strictures for purification or volume reduction of a brine by an advanced vacuum distillation process (AVMD) to achieve higher flux by passage of vapors through an AVMD distillation unit. In one example, brine is circulated in a tank. The tank may include one or more membrane pouches that are submerged in the circulating brine or placed above the water level of the hot circulating brine. In other embodiments the membrane pouches are outside of the tank that includes the hot circulating brine but still in communication with it. The circulating brine is heated, allowing creation of water vapor. Using a vacuum, the water vapor is drawn through the membrane, where it may be condensed and subjected to further beneficial use. This process can concentrate to levels to generate crystals or solids, which can be separated and utilized.