A planar membrane cartridge includes a support and a semi-permeable membrane layer. The support includes a first layer attached to a second layer and defining a front face and a back face of the support. At least one of the first layer and the second layer form a first embossment and a second embossment. Respective back faces of the first layer and the second layer are attached to each other along edges of the first embossment and of the second embossment, such that the first embossment defines a fluid compartment between the first layer and the second layer and the second embossment defines an internal channel between the first layer and the second layer which is isolated from the fluid compartment. An area of the first layer corresponding to the first embossment is covered by the semi-permeable membrane layer.

A submerged water purification system including a plurality of spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules each connected in a parallel flow arrangement to a common feed manifold and a common permeate manifold; wherein each module includes at least one feed spacer sheet and one membrane envelop wound about a permeate collection tube having a plurality of openings along its length that are in fluid communication with the membrane envelop, and further including an end cap secured to an end of the module with a manifold junction reversibly connected to the end cap of each module, wherein the manifold junction provides a sealed fluid communication between the feed spacer sheets and permeate collection tubes of each module to the feed manifold and permeate manifold, respectively.

A membrane element having a filtration main body, a header (a water collection portion) that collects treated water from an end portion of the filtration main body and a treated water lead-out portion that leads out the treated water is used. The treated water lead-out portion is connected to a tubular peripheral wall of a water collection pipe that collects treated water solid-liquid-separated by the membrane element, and communicates with an inside of the tubular peripheral wall. The tubular peripheral wall has a thick portion that is thicker in a horizontal direction at an upper-side peripheral wall portion located at an upper side (or at a lower-side peripheral wall portion located at a lower side) in the radial direction of the tubular peripheral wall, and a connecting hole that penetrates the thick portion.

The disclosure herein relates to a TFF assembly including a baffle comprising a microporous filter within a bioreactor. The baffle may include a collection receptacle to capture a target product or waste materials within the baffle after passing through the microporous filter.

An emitter apparatus is mounted on a marine structure powered by wind or marine hydrokinetic energy to disperse a carbon dioxide sorbent such as sodium hydroxide. The sorbent can be generated by reverse osmosis of seawater with electrolysis of the brine, or delivered from an external supply. Suitable marine structures include offshore wind turbines, marine hydrokinetic generators, offshore oil platforms, merchant vessels, and other fixed and mobile structures. Effective capture is made by dispersing a fine mist or fog of aqueous sorbent from nozzles with a particle size from a nozzle of less than 100 microns. The sorbent reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide forming carbonates and bicarbonates, which drift and fall to the ocean surface, reducing surface acidity and capturing additional atmospheric carbon dioxide via absorption at the local ocean surface. The resulting carbonates sink to the ocean floor and are there sequestered.

A method for treatment of wastewater includes passing influent wastewater through an anaerobic, anoxic, or bioelectrochemical bioreactor to produce an effluent. The membrane bioreactor includes a membrane with pores having a nominal pore size less than the smallest measured biopolymers and organic nanoparticles in the influent wastewater, thereby preventing them from entering and blocking membrane pores, and further comprising degrading dissolved organics smaller than 20 nm in the influent wastewater within the membrane bioreactor before entering membrane pores.

A piece of substrate material is formed under heat and pressure by a roller against a cavity or platen into a shaped substrate sheet having one or more depressions. Two substrate sheets are bonded together to form a substrate wherein the one or more depressions form one or more interior channels. The substrate is coated with a dope in a casting device having a guide portion corresponding to the shape of the substrate sheets and quenched to form a filtering membrane.

A process for recovery of lithium ions from a lithium-bearing brine includes contacting the lithium-bearing brine with a lithium ion sieve (where that LIS includes an oxide of titanium or niobium) in a first stirred reactor to form a lithium ion complex with the lithium ion sieve, and decomplexing the lithium ion from the lithium ion sieve in a second stirred reactor to form the lithium ion sieve and an acidic lithium salt eluate.

Disclosed are methods of treating wastewater using a membrane bioreactor and achieving a target phosphorus concentration for the membrane permeate stream. These methods include the steps of dosing a wastewater stream with a rare earth clarifying agent and passing the dosed wastewater stream through the membrane to obtain a membrane permeate stream with a permeate concentration that is less than the phosphorus concentration of the influent stream. This permeate concentration also can be equal to or less than a target phosphorus concentration. In the methods as disclosed herein, the rare earth clarifying agent can be chloride salts of one or more rare earth elements and in certain embodiments, the rare earth clarifying agent can be CeCl.sub.3 and LaCl.sub.3.

An aerator device and a filter system including the same are provided. The aerator device includes: a housing having an inner cavity defined therein, the housing including at least one sidewall and an upper surface connected to the at least one sidewall; a first partition formed within the inner cavity and extending from an upper end to a lower end to define a first cavity and a second cavity; and a second partition formed within the inner cavity between the first partition and a first sidewall of the at least one sidewall and extending from an upper end to a lower end to define a first chamber and a second chamber of the second cavity, and the housing includes an inlet opening communicating with the first cavity and an outlet opening communicating with the second chamber, and the second chamber gradually narrows towards the upper surface of the housing.