Disclosed are apparatus and methods for blood and other biological fluid purification using a membrane with cell containing vascular channel systems and filtration channel systems. Also disclosed are methods of making the apparatus as well as methods of making membranes.

A tubular membrane pervaporation separation system, comprising a heater, one or multiple membrane separators arranged in parallel, a condenser and a vacuum pump; the separator comprises a vacuum vessel, a concurrent heating vessel and one or multiple pervaporation lines arranged in parallel; the line comprises membrane tube bundle modules and concurrent heating modules connected in series or in a series-parallel hybrid form, in the line, the membrane tube bundle modules are arranged between two adjacent concurrent heating modules; the vacuum vessel is connected to the condenser and the vacuum pump in sequence; the concurrent heating vessel is provided with an inlet and an outlet; one end of the line is connected to the heater and the other end is used to discharge; the modules are placed respectively in the vacuum vessel and the concurrent heating vessel, comprise one or multiple membrane tubes and concurrent heating tubes arranged in parallel respectively.

A filter structure includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet; a first filter embedded in the housing and including a polymer membrane for filtering a first fluid flowing from the inlet into the housing; and a second filter embedded in the housing, filtering a second fluid filtered by the first filter, and including mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN).

An object of the present invention is to provide a filtering device which makes it possible to obtain a chemical liquid having excellent performance and enables filter media to have sufficiently long pot life. Another object of the present invention is to provide a purification device, a chemical liquid manufacturing device, a filtered substance to be purified, a chemical liquid, and an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition. A filtering device according to an embodiment of the present invention has a first filter unit including a first filter, which satisfies at least one condition selected from the group consisting of following conditions 1 to 3, and a housing accommodating the first filter and a second filter unit including a second filter different from the first filter and a housing accommodating the second filter, in which the first filter unit and the second filter unit are independently disposed in a pipe line through which a substance to be purified is supplied. Condition 1: the filter has a filter medium including two or more layers containing materials different from each other. Condition 2: the filter has a filter medium including two or more layers having different pore structures. Condition 3: the filter has a filter medium including one layer in which different materials are mixed together.

The present teaching relates to method, system, medium, and implementations for storage management. A hash table is constructed, having an index file having one or more slots, each of which includes one or more buckets. Each bucket stores one or more types of records, including a direct record, an indirect record, and a forwarding record. A direct record stores data directly in a bucket of a slot of the index file. When a storage request is received related to some relevant data, the request is handled based on the constructed hash table.

The present invention relates to a humidifier for a fuel cell, the humidifier comprising: a humidifying module for humidifying a dry gas, supplied from the outside, by using a wet gas discharged from a fuel cell stack; and a first cap coupled to one end of the humidifying module. The humidifying module includes: a mid-case; and at least one cartridge disposed in the mid-case and accommodating a plurality of hollow fiber membranes. The humidifier for a fuel cell further includes a first packing member which is air-tightly coupled to at least one end of the humidifying module through mechanical assembly so that the first cap is in fluid communication with only the hollow fiber membranes.

A humidification and selective permeation module in which humidification of a gaseous feed stream and selective permeation of components in the gaseous feed stream using a facilitated-transport membrane occurs within the same unit operation is disclosed. A process for separation of components in a gaseous feed stream using the humidification and permeation module combines continuous humidification of the feed stream and selective permeation using the facilitated-transport membrane.

A method of obtaining a compound may include adding a substrate to a medium in a reactor, and reacting the substrate in the reactor to form the compound. A first stream is separated from the reaction liquid through a first membrane. A second stream is separated from the reaction liquid through a second membrane. The first membrane is a filtration membrane and the second membrane is configured for liquid-gas or liquid-liquid extraction The first membrane and the second membrane are at least partially immersed in the medium and are moved relative to the reactor during the separation steps.

A filter screening tool, system, and method allowing high throughput screening of filters (such as hollow fiber filters), such as for use in bioprocessing workflows. Feed material may be fed through different filter modules to assess, measure, analyze, determine, evaluate, teste, compare, screen, etc., properties or characteristics, etc., of filters within the filter modules. Each filter module may house a different type (e.g., material or configuration) of filter so that different filters may be compared and screened, such as for a selected use.

A crossflow filtration unit for continuous diafiltration of a feed fluid for obtaining a retentate and a permeate, a corresponding method for diafiltration and the use of the crossflow filtration unit are provided. The crossflow filtration unit includes a diafiltration channel, a flat first filter material, a retentate channel, a flat second filter material, and a permeate collection channel, arranged such that the flat first filter material delimits the diafiltration channel and the retentate channel from one another, and the flat second filter material delimits the retentate channel and the permeate collection channel from one another. The diafiltration channel is fluidly connected to at least one inlet for the diafiltration medium, the retentate channel is fluidly connected to at least one inlet for the feed fluid and to at least one outlet for the retentate. The permeate collection channel is fluidly connected to at least one outlet for the permeate.