A porous membrane comprising a membrane-forming polymer (A) and a polymer (B) containing a methyl methacrylate unit and a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylate (b1) unit. A flux of pure water to permeate the porous membrane is preferably 10 (m.sup.3/m.sup.2/MPa/h) or more and less than 200 (m.sup.3/m.sup.2/MPa/h). The contact angle of the bulk of the membrane-forming polymer (A) is preferably 60° or more. The membrane-forming polymer (A) is preferably a fluorine-containing polymer. The polymer (B) is preferably a random copolymer.

A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) casting membrane solution is shaped as a flat sheet membrane by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), the PVDF membrane is defluorinated with an alkaline potassium permanganate solution, and then the carbon chain is extended with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the graft monomer, and finally the nucleophilic substitution is carried out between melamine and GMA to produce a chelating microfiltration membrane for capturing and enriching heavy metals with high flux and high capacity.

A virus removal membrane is formed from a hydrophilized synthetic polymer, in which, when a solution containing gold colloids having a diameter of 20 nm is applied through a primary surface to the virus removal membrane to allow the virus removal membrane to capture the gold colloids for measurement of brightness in a cross section of the virus removal membrane, a value obtained by dividing a standard deviation of a value of an area of a spectrum of variation in the brightness by an average of the value of the area is 0.01 or more and 1.5 or less; and a thickness of a portion, where gold colloids having a diameter of 20 nm or more and 30 nm or less are captured, in the cross section of the virus removal membrane in a wet state is 10 m or more and 30 m or less.

A method is disclosed for producing an artificial lung including a plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange which have an outer surface, an inner surface forming a lumen, and an opening portion communicating the outer surface with the inner surface. The method includes bringing any of the outer surface and the inner surface into contact with a colloidal solution that contains an antithrombotic high-molecular compound to circulate carbon dioxide gas to a side of the other surface. According to the present disclosure, an artificial lung can be produced in which a coating amount of antithrombotic high-polymer material (an antithrombotic high-molecular compound) on a hollow fiber membrane is increased.

A method for manufacturing a filter membrane for inhibiting microorganisms includes the following steps: obtaining a nano-zinc precursor and dissolving it into water, adding at least one reducing agent and interfacial agent to the water, thereby reducing zinc ions of the nano-zinc precursor to zinc particles so as to form liquid having nano-zinc particles; respectively placing the liquid having nano-zinc particles and a polymer material into plastic masterbatch process equipment, respectively volatilizing the fluid having nano-zinc particles and polymer material through the plastic masterbatch process equipment, performing air extraction and mixing by the plastic masterbatch process equipment, and adding at least one grafting agent to perform a mixed graft link, allowing the nano-zinc particles and polymer material to be linked together stably so as to form a plastic masterbatch having nano-zinc particles; and making the plastic masterbatch into a filer membrane through film making equipment.

A method for manufacturing a filter membrane for inhibiting microorganisms includes the following steps: obtaining a nano-zinc precursor and dissolving it into water, adding at least one reducing agent and interfacial agent to the water, thereby reducing zinc ions of the nano-zinc precursor to zinc particles so as to form liquid having nano-zinc particles; respectively placing the liquid having nano-zinc particles and a polymer material into plastic masterbatch process equipment, respectively volatilizing the fluid having nano-zinc particles and polymer material through the plastic masterbatch process equipment, performing air extraction and mixing by the plastic masterbatch process equipment, and adding at least one grafting agent to perform a mixed graft link, allowing the nano-zinc particles and polymer material to be linked together stably so as to form a plastic masterbatch having nano-zinc particles; and making the plastic masterbatch into a filer membrane through film making equipment.

A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) casting membrane solution is shaped as a flat sheet membrane by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), the PVDF membrane is defluorinated with an alkaline potassium permanganate solution, and then the carbon chain is extended with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the graft monomer, and finally the nucleophilic substitution is carried out between melamine and GMA to produce a chelating microfiltration membrane for capturing and enriching heavy metals with high flux and high capacity.

A porous membrane comprising a membrane-forming polymer (A) and a polymer (B) containing a methyl methacrylate unit and a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylate (b1) unit. A flux of pure water to permeate the porous membrane is preferably 10 (m.sup.3/m.sup.2/MPa/h) or more and less than 200 (m.sup.3/m.sup.2/MPa/h). The contact angle of the bulk of the membrane-forming polymer (A) is preferably 60? or more. The membrane-forming polymer (A) is preferably a fluorine-containing polymer. The polymer (B) is preferably a random copolymer.

The present disclosure relates to a separator and a method of manufacturing the separator. The separator includes a porous support and a hydrophilic polymer applied to the surface of the porous support through a solution including the hydrophilic polymer and a solvent, and satisfies the following Equation: 0.015?(C*D)/(A*B)?0.65, where A is a thickness (?m) of the porous support, B is an air permeability (Gurley, seconds/100 ml) of the porous support, C is a porosity (% by volume) of the porous support, and D is a content (% by weight) of the hydrophilic polymer in the solution.

A membrane, in which the membrane is an ultrapure water membrane; a food and/or beverage processing membrane; a municipal water membrane; a peel oil recovery membrane; a (bio) refinery dewatering membrane; an oily wastewater (pre-)treatment membrane; a metal extraction membrane; a desalination membrane; and/or a protein fraction membrane. The membrane includes a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a part of the substrate layer. The active layer is at least partially crosslinked and comprises a superhydrophilic agent. Also described is a method of producing the separation membrane.